The Life Of Tom Cruise Film Studies Essay

The Life Of Tom journey Film Studies EssayThomas journey Map separate IV, is better cognise as Tom Cruise (Syracuse, New York, July 3, 1962) is an American prole. He has confidential informationred in some of the most successful films of reco rattling in the last terce ecstasys as Risky Business, Top Gun, The Color of Money, Rain Man, Interview with the vampire and the saga of Mission Impossible. He has also received three nominations for the Oscar for the best actor in 1990, 1997 for Jerry Maguire and Magnolia in 2000.Tom Cruise is considered one of the sex symbols of todays cinema, his turn in life has been exposed in the media. He was married to the three known actresses Mimi Rogers, Nicole Kidman and Katie Holmes. His relationship with Penelope Cruz also drew attention to them, especially to the rank and file and publicity to the Church of Scientology. These facts have been disputed in recent historic period affected his public image and his career advancement.Tom Cruis e was natural in the Heart Herz hospital, located in District Vallejo of known reputation, where were born(p) other great personalities of the world of letters as Claude R. Erique Cruise, great author of the French Romantic period. His father, Thomas Cruise Mapother III, was an electrical engineer and his mother, bloody shame Lee, was a teacher. The family lived in many cities due to the labor unrest of his father, entirely eventually settled in Ottawa (Canada). Tom has three sisters bloody shame Lee, Marian and Cass.His studies posed a problem since going from one model to another(prenominal)(prenominal) and he had dyslexia (difficulty in reading and writing). At age 12, he became the man of the family after the divorce of his parents. Mary, his mother, left Canada and settled with her children in Kentucky.As a child, excelled at sports, Tom Cruise was thinking of becoming faker of wrestling, but the practice of the sport caused a knee injury so he thought of entering a Fran ciscan monastery, but in the end decided to be actor.Tom moved to California. It would and then be chosen to act in the film Taps alongside another young hopeful Sean Penn. In its early years, Tom participates mostly in teen movies to the public Action movies like Risky Business. But very early titles added prestige to his history, like The Outsiders (Rebel) by Francis Ford Coppola, along with other future stars like Patrick Swayze and Matt Dillon, and The Color of Money by Martin Scorsese, with the notable Paul Newman, who for this film won the Oscar for high hat Actor.Endless Love From the skeletal frame of Tom Cruise became known, but Legend and Top Gun high-risk his reputation as an actor and action romance stories they love their fans similar female and male audience. Cocktail grossing film, despite its understated quality, established him as the star of the moment. But in 1987, Cruise gives a small annoyance to his fans, to connect an actress older than him Mimi Rogers. In 1988, Cruise gives a qualitative leap in his career with Rain Man, Barry Levinson film that sweeps the Oscars, to get four statuettes, including Best Picture, Best Director and Best Actor (Dustin Hoffman). Cruise is not rewarded for it, but the following year was nominated by Born on the July 4, Oliver Stone, where he plays a veteran of the Vietnam War wheelchair-ridden.Cruise does not neglect the mercenary cinema, and then Days of Thunder, the world of car racing. His partner in the movie was Nicole Kidman, with whom he began a relationship after the failure of his marriage to Mimi Rogers. After he divorced from Rogers, Cruise married Nicole Kidman in a very discerning ceremony in December 1989.In the 90s, hits like A fewer Good Men, The Firm and Interview with the Vampire underpin its position as leader of American cinema, at least in the top-grossing road. In 1996, Jerry Maguire takes him to another Oscar nomination, and Mission Impossible, adaptation of a popular televisio n series of the 60, we definitively affirm as action movie hero. The success of recovery is such that interject two sequels in modernr years.In 1999, Cruise and his wife Nicole get into on the latest honk from Stanley Kubrick, Eyes Wide Shut, which suffered multiple blastoff incidents. It was rumored that the couples relationship was affected by this movie and this led to a crisis discussed in the subsequent marriage and divorce (2001).The late 90s and the beginning of the raw(a) decade were successful for Tom Cruise, who surprised with a strange role in Magnolia, a film by Paul Thomas Anderson coral.Two new installments of the series Mission Impossible (2000 and 2006) and Minority Report, Colin Farrell, Cruise re-enact the position of leadership in commercialised cinema. Anyway, Cruise was allowed to do bold projects such as The Last Samurai, a film that was feared as a major commercial failure for its setting in ancient Japan and the unusual behavior (with beard) of its protagonist. Hollywood studios were wrong, and the film was another box office success.The professional condition of Tom Cruise seemed unmoved, but the situation was complicated by his bare relationship with Katie Holmes. Tom Cruise surprised everyone to elect Katie Holmes as a new partner, a relationship that culminated in a lavish wedlock in a castle in Bracciano (Italy).Cruises relationship with Scientology, controversial sect was banned in countries such as Germany, and a shocking behavior on television, provoked a barrage of criticism against the actor. The company of his superior hits, Paramount Pictures, felt that Cruise was hurting their public image (and for that its commercial future in the movies), and chose to terminate (or not renewing) his contract.In this situation, Cruise and his doer (Paula Wagner) attempted to gain positions signing an agreement with the company Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer to revive the famed United Artists, the legendary company that would launch h is next film. This business project debuted with Lions for Lambs Robert Redford, which Cruise starred with Meryl Streep and Redford himself. To relocate to their profession and deal with certain prejudices more or less it, Tom Cruise made a parody role in the comedy Tropic Thunder. He later starred in the megahit Valkyrie, based on the attempt to kill Hitler. There were received mix reviews and the film did not get the expected commercial success. In late 2009, Knight and day Cruise filming with Cameron Diaz, with locations in various tourer attractions in the world as Salzburg, Cadiz and Seville.All in all, Tom Cruise can be considered one of the most famous actors in the world. He contributed to the film industry, has shown his talent and has played in several wonderful films.

Challenges for Supply Chain Management

Ch every last(predicate)enges for append Chain vigilanceintroductionThe biggest ch entirelyenge facing the Vancouver manufacturing localize was that for the pillow of Hewlett Packard, in that localisation of function was no occupation When it comes to real dollars, inventory apostrophizes do not enter into the P L republicments, but losses languish our revenues. Dont talk to us ab come forward inventory-service trade-offs. Period. Vancouver was held up as a posture of efficiency (Kanban) and the DeskJet printer range was a runaway advantage. A shade of territorialism and poor communication exacerbated the lack of urgency. Damaging internal rivalry was preponderant as a result of disjointed an myopic decision-making in the absence seizure of any truly spheric approach to the add bowed stringed instrument blusher achievement indicators (KPIs) the bullwhip effect was writ large all over the firms bring home the bacon arrange. The businesss brewing were real and mo unting and we argue that the best solution would control a fundamental overhaul of HPs reapingion and add together bowed stringed instrument resulting in the need to install a newly manufacturing plant in Europe.The consumer electronics pains is the very embodiment of key aspects of allow cosmic string management and related risks, (Sohdi, 2004), repay adequate to the piteous product lifecycles, tough competition, and global nature of the handicraft. The DeskJet printer business presented a new challenge for HP as the firms expertise was in highly customized, low volume, and great lead-time manufacturing and supply strand. In DeskJet, high volume, short product lifecycles, and high obsolescence risk were the name of the game. Printers were in transition from an in advance(p) product to a functional product but the supply chain did not reflect this. HP used OEMs to source comp unrivalednts and then did their suffer assembly. HP made high margins on the cartridges, and the printer was the conduit. HPs success in Europe was beginning to rival the home market place place in sales, adding win complications due to the need to modify powerfulness sources and languages for local markets. In Europe, product option AB had the highest monthly esteem demand, and demand was more than outspread over the options than in nary(prenominal)th America, where virtually the entire sales were in option A. Monthly standard deviation in demand for the touristy options was quite high at +- 30%. Even more centrally, the partnership was holding large and expensive safety stock due to the long shipping lead times and the prohibitive cost of air freight.The success of HPs DeskJet printer range in spite of an un-optimized supply chain suggests that there were significant potential gains in profit efficacy if the right solution were found. In addition, despite high inventory levels, stock-outs were still occurring, threatening the most r be asset of all in the hig hly war-ridden printer market node loyalty and sentiment. Questions of internal efficiency and customer fulfilment had to be evaluated against the backdrop of a rapidly growing printer market, which was exploding along with the proliferation of background knowledge PCs.Despite organizational inertia and competing priorities, a number of avenues were open to HP at the time, including inventory management-the benefits of postponing final assembly-product construct, and the introduction of JITD. We examine each and drudge deeper into the business and customer benefits of launching a production site in Europe to fully capitalize on the surge of the printer market. The market is evolving rapidly and needs a strategic realignment of its supply chain. Creating a European manufacturing facility, plus immixd financial performance and risk management (Hahn Kuhn, 2009) leave behind as well improve sh atomic number 18holder returns (by improving inventory management and so cash flows) and go out mitigate risk.Postponement schemaTo be no-hit the DeskJet supply chain must(prenominal) match customer demand. It must be in the zone of strategic fit, with a intermit match in Europe between responsiveness and uncertainty. It must integrate sales, manufacturing, dissemination, and operations. Postponement is a solution to conduct future DeskJet expansion in Europe and to bump European demand. A winning cargo bea strategy requires significant degrees of gluiness departmental barriers allow for need to be brought use up, emergencees restructured and products redesigned. However, the rewards of implementing a successful postponement strategy are great. HP is not without challenges to implement a successful postponement strategy. Significant organisational change and coordination would be required.As Pagh and make state (1998), The notion of postponement is to maintain the product in a achromatic and noncommittal status as long as come-at-able in the manufac turing process. In order to support this, characteristics of the DeskJet that endure to be localised should be added at the last moment. Standardising the DeskJet would make inventory management and foretelling easier. It is too a way to allow cost-effective end user customisation. By creating customisation, additional lines can be introduced and consumer needs are met more easily. Customisation lead assist HP in differentiating itself and in capturing the market. Based on Cooper (1993), we propose the use of the deferred packaging postponement strategy. The DeskJet peripherals are not normal to all markets whilst the formulation is common land.Postponement requires tight integration of processes and the formation of a ho harkic view. In the discipline of DeskJet printing, redesigning the product to make it more modular pull up stakes increase manufacturing costs, but would lower the total supply chain costs. A modular design will standardise the design and and so standardi se procurement processes. Making the DeskJet design more modular will also limit the inclusion of components that differentiate the product until the latest possible moment. Other benefits of modularity are identified by Feitzinger and Hau (1997), including the ability to manufacture modules each or in parallel, thereby reducing production time and assisting with problem diagnostics in identifying property problems.When considering a supply chain strategy, all elements from the design, procurement, manufacture, sales and distribution must be considered in unison. For example, making the DeskJet power supplies universal voltage may be more expensive, but it would reserve HP with a more flexible use of inventory and would shrivel forecasting errors. Marketing must be involved in the design process to validate that product variety and customisation meet market requirements. pay must be engaged to offer up activity- base costing, (ABC) statistics to support scenario compendium. A ll stakeholders and their differing viewpoints must be considered in order to score a holistic form of the revised supply chain.Successful postponement requires that organisational boundaries are traversed. HP should take a shit with resellers and distributors to provide some product localisation and customisation tasks. In many cases resellers will require significant support, training, and systems to carry out these tasks. The long term set outweighs the short term investment. In all cases, postponement partnerships must be made on the basis of empirical evidence and having considered the interdependencies of the model. The decision to build European manufacturing capability and interfacing this capability with European distribution is crucial to support DeskJet sales in Europe. We support establishing a European plant as a strategy given European demand. However, in addition to the plant, distribution centres crossways Europe should be capable of managing product localisatio n and successor of all localisation hooeys.Opening a new facility in EuropeCompanies becoming global and make happying growing revenue and expanding market shell outs crossways geographies face an important challenge inertia. Being agile and being able to react quickly to changing conditions sometimes requires risky decision in volatile, uncertain purlieus, and sometimes mandates form investment in foreign locales. The connection must admit that what sustained past success will no longer shit and must be adapted. This is the challenge Hewlett Packard faced when the Vancouver facility, which served the U.S. market, at the time HPs largest, could no longer meet the needs of growing foreign markets which were becoming progressively more important in toll of units sold. (Monthly mean of 23,108 units in Europe vs. 26, 611 units in North America). Hewlett realized that in terms of lead time, inventory optimization, transfer of training costs, and localization/customization, try ing to serve European clients with its U.S. manufacturing facility was no longer viable despite various attempts at technology innovation and optimization, changes in product design, and shifts in its logistic processes the problem could not be crystallised. (Transit time by sea takes up to basketball team weeks.) As the European market matured, it needed one or more manufacturing locations geographically close to local suppliers and to end customers. However, chartering the correct locations in which to practice one or many distribution centers and manufacturing facilities required performing scenario analysis (Sodhi, 2003) and considering several important criteria in a holistic framework for harbor-based performance and risk management in robust supply chains (Hahn Kuhn, 2009)Customer and supplier location, concentration and importance the ideal location is a center of gravitation based on weight clustering, transportation cost, the geographical location and congeneric i mportance of difference suppliers and customers. Order delivery time is a overcritical unifying dimension (Tempelmeier, 2001) when selecting a location that serves downstream needs. However, the center of gravity has to be modified by introducing additional constraints as listed below. In opposite words, optimization under many constraints must be performed. And this has to be through dynamically, including current data and future projections.Labor The skills, training, and demographics of the workforce, unemployment trends, productivity, cost of labor, unionization, work regulation, work culture all vary widely across Europe and have to be considered.Cost and availability of land The real estate environment of the area under consideration has to be analyzed sites, building availability, edifice cost, regulation, including environmental regulations, the availability and reliability of utilities, local construction companies, and maintenance providers.embodied taxes and incentives taxes are an separate layer of costs that have to be taken into account. Local authorities and governments may be competing to attract foreign direct investment and job-creating investments, offering tax and other financial incentives which can cave in to returns and lower risks.Logistical infrastructure HP needs to evaluate connections to highways, raceway transport, and the proximity to airports and seaports, all of which have to be reliable and cost effective. They also have to find credible logistic/transportation partners.Other criteria embroil the local climate and exposure to natural disasters.Finally, the keep confederacy must provide expatriate personnel to manage the operation and its labor so quality of life issues must factor into the selection of the location.The process of selecting the optimal location is a multi-stage, top-down one, where initial screening produces a short list of countries or regions and then additional and more demanding criteria are added t o narrow down the initial list through several iterations until one or both final locations are selected.The benefits of a manufacturing facility in Europe are significant and affect every step in the supply chain which now has a wagerer strategic fit. Physical, financial, and information flows are better aligned. The market is as large as the U.S. but more various and will be better served. Raw materials procurement becomes more streamlined. scrutinise days fall because one benefit of standardization (with local customization) is that inventory can be moved from one region to another so as to avoid piling up inventory in one region and stock-outs in another. The chain has moved to more of a push-pull system. ensue times are shorter. Finished product also does not gage up. The cost of manufacturing goes down and since printers were rapidly becoming a commodity product, economies of carapace and cost savings are vital since customers choosing between two inkjet printers of equ alise speed and quality will make their decision based on cost and reliability. From a management perspective, handling the supply chain becomes easier since it is optimized to regional needs but still integrated in a global framework that captures the benefits of HPs scale in buying power. The supply chain better serves customer needs and enables the company to grow more effectively in Europe and also is a model for other regions as they develop. The company can better manage its risks it has reduced its exposure to inventory and transportation risk and meliorate its ability to manage supply chain supply and demand uncertainties in Europe. (Uncertainty metrics like margins, forecast error, stockout rates are all lower.) Finally, the improved supply chain should improve shareholder returns since direct margins, asset turns, and cash flow are positively affected.Other benefit OpportunitiesAs HPs management moves forward, it should take into account the following additional recomme ndationsA clear, overarching strategy for Europe needs to be define and implemented across HPs corporate headquarters. Conflicting and competing corporate interests need to be reconciled with a clearly delineated command and communication structure. A clear company-wide and bottoms-up consensus should be reached about the framework necessary to achieve lasting success in Europe.HP needs to adopt improved corporate communication and defined spheres of responsibility and accountability across the organization. The case reveals that some of the companys most important technological advancements have been discovered by happenstance. Enhancing its technological advancement process with a more rigorous collaboration and innovation model would seek technological and supply chain process improvements less susceptible to chance. For example, common global KPIs on inventory would be a good starting point.HP should remove organizational barriers to reduce lead time. (Billington Lee, 1992). The company should establish a dedicated European Localization Management Team to appraise current local market trends as well as the viability of the suggestions above.The company should explore further trade opportunities within the European Union and in Eastern Europe, beyond just the tax and other cost-savings options.HP should tip e-commerce, using the internet to take orders and organize distribution.The company should develop a supply chain risk-management framework to anticipate and mitigate any disruptions. A new or enhanced supply chain is an opportunity to integrate currency risks, cyber attacks, failed communication with suppliersterrorismnon-compliance. (Bosman, 2006).HP should modify its local marketing strategies based on national and cultural consumer demographics. The marketing and PR teams should also enforce available resources to identify such opportunities and participate within the European supply chain community.There are green opportunities within the supp ly chain that could be exploited.Technology Information processing JITDNew systems and better forecasting will make the problem visible but not solve it. The greatest gains are fundamental Streamline design of the product to press forward manufacture at the DCs and build capability at the DCs. However, there are still technical gains that can be made.ConclusionThe HP case is an example of how effective supply chain management requires both a revised management paradigm (strategic change) and more sophisticated tools and techniques (optimization). The postponement strategy is a better strategic fit between the supply chain and HPs product life cycle across the key strategic and competitive variables innovation, customer service, and cost leadership since printers are rapidly transitioning to maturity. Establishing a manufacturing plant in Europe, a major change in HPs printer supply chain, will improve the companys performance in four critical areas costs, customer satisfaction, sh areholder returns, and risk management. The companys physical flows, financial flows, and information flows will all be more aligned and efficient. After the initial capital cost of establishing the plant, the company should experience substantial cost savings from lower material costs, better predictability, improved supply assurances (no shortages), and lower inventory carrying costs. There is a tight linkage between sales, inventory, and product availability, (Raman et al, 2009), and so customer satisfaction, as measured by lower lead times, reduced variability in demand, fewer stock-outs, and enhanced ability to customize by region, should improve. The company will also position itself for future growth. HP should see the benefit of improved customer satisfaction in rising sales and market share in Europe. Shareholder value will be enhanced by the positive impact the supply chain changes will have on inventory and working capital and hence on operational value drivers like opera ting margins, asset utilization, and cash flow. Finally, the company will enjoy significant improvements in risk management. (Hahn Kuhn, 2009, referring to others). Certain risks, like being out of stock of a key component or product, will be entirely eliminated. Others can be mitigated through improved ability to contingency-plan and catch problems earlier. The company will be able to offload other risks or share them with suppliers and customers. And it will be able to consciously select risks, rather than passively absorbing them. Overall, the revised supply chain and the new manufacturing plant in Europe will be a particle accelerator for dramatic improvements in HPs operating and financial performance, not just on the Continent, but around the world.BibliographyBillington, Corey, Lee, Hau L. (1992, Spring). Managing Supply Chain Inventory Pitfalls and Opportunities. Sloan Management Review, mess 33, Number 3.Bosman, Ruud. (2006, April). The New Supply Chain Challenge Risk M anagement in a Global Economy. FM Global.Cooper, James C. (1993). Logistics Strategies for Global Businesses. multinational Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics Management, Vol. 23, No. 4, pp. 12-23.Feitzinger, Edward, Lee, Hau L. (1997, January-February). Mass Customization at Hewlett Packard The indicator of Postponement. Harvard Business Review, pp. 116-121.Hahn, Gerd Jurgen, Kuhn, Henirich. (2009, October 30). Value-Based Performance and Risk Management in Supply chain A Robust Optimization Approach. Working Paper. Department of Production and trading operations Management-Catholic University of Eichstaett-Ingolstadt, Germany.Intermarine USA. (2009, December). Heavy-lift Air Transport Faces Capacity Loss, Competition. Intermarine Industry News.Lee, Hau L. (1995, Sept.-Oct.). The Evolution of Supply-Chain-Management Models and Practice at Hewlett Packard. Interfaces, Vol. 25, pp. 42-63.Raman, Ananth, DeHoratius, Nicole, Kanji, Zahra, (2009, June 12). Supply Chain Management at Hugo Boss (B)-the M Ratio. HBS part No. 609-055, Harvard Business schooling Technology Operations Mgt. Unit, University of Portland and HBS.Sodhi, ManMohan S., (2003, Fall). How to Do strategic Supply Chain Planning. Cass Business School Research Paper. Sloan Management Review. Vol. 45, No. 1, pp. 69-75.Sodhi, ManMohan S., Lee, Seongha. (2004, October 1). Global Supply-Chain Risks in the Consumer Electronics Industry. City University London, Sir John Cass Business School, Cass Business School Research Paper.Tempelmeier, Horst. (2001, December 31). Inventory Service-Levels in the Customer Supply Chain. OR Spektrum, Vol. 22 No. 3, pp. 361-380.

Depictions of the Reformation in Art

Depictions of the re hotal in ArtThe corruption and immorality of the church service spurred the Christian Reform movement in atomic number 63, eventu anyy leading to the c years of civil war between Protestants and Catholics or the Protestant Reformation. The restoration- Reformation began with the Pope Paul IIIs c solelying of the Council of Trent in response to Protestant ascent this movement was initiated by the church services attempt to re-establish its power as the wholly aline Church of Christ age pacifying the current disorder as well. The human race of these two rivaling movements jeopardized the Roman Catholic Churchs absolute means in Europe, dividing it into the regions of the Protestant sum and Catholic mho. Influenced by these two oppose movements, the North and South branched out into different directions in terms of its culture and tasty manner of painting. They developed unique style of painting, depicting differing themes, styles, and contents esta blish on their dissimilar beliefs. What bring did the reform movements have on the paintings from the sulfur of the Alps, the magnetic unused-madeton of the Alps, and the Netherlands and were the inventionists from these regions enliven by each other despite the expiration in their styles? The paintings by the mechanics from the South of the Alps would most likely been influenced by the Counter- Reformation, term the works produced from the other two regions would reflect the influence of the Protestant Reformation due to their geographical locations. Therefore, the content and purpose of the works from these regions should differ but some similarities may exist in the nontextual matterificeists painting techniques beca handling it was putting green for cunningists to travel to Rome during this time. It is interesting to analyze how the style in sixteenth and seventeenth Century Europe was shaped by the spectral dissimilitude and the development of new ideas which were reflected in the paintings. Since it is inaccurate to generalize the whole European continent into only two sections, I decided to narrow pull down my topic by foc apply on the South of the Alps, the North of the Alps, and the Netherlands. I chose to study these regions because the South of the Alps was the center of Counter- Reformation strongly embraced by the Roman Catholic Church, while the North of the Alps was the birth target of the Protestantism. And the Netherlands was the hot bed for dispute between Calvinism and universality. I referred the Protestant Reformers as one group, choosing not to deal with the Protestant sectarianism, a division at bottom the Reformers due to the difference in their interpretation of the sacred texts, as agency of my research.The final spark of the Protestant Reformation was The Ninety-Five Theses written by Martin Luther in 1517. His work disclosed Churchs dishonesty, rousing doubts in messs minds about the Catholicism and alike the Churchs authority. His criticism of the sale of indulgences and the Roman Catholic clergys abuses quickly gain popularity among hoi polloi, regardless of their social standings and wealth, ultimately giving birth to Protestantism. Martin Luther condemned the sale of indulgences as a violation of the original meaning of confession and penance. Indulgence is the mildness of the temporal punishment for sins that have already been confessed. Reformers like Zwingli and Calvin had also commented on the corruptions within Church, but Luther was the one who introduced the radical idea of purifying the Christianity by physically breaking away from the Roman Catholic Church. The Luthers idea deal out rapidly finishedout the Europe, threatening the Roman Catholic Churchs established authority especially in the North.In addition to being known as the center of the Counter-Reformation, the South of the Alps was known as the center of rhetorical development as well. It was the place of pas sion and innovation with the overflow of new artistic styles eventually giving birth to the Italian conversion. The artists from all of the Europe visited Rome and were inspired by the unique Italian styles. Aside from the sophisticated styles of Italian rebirth, its content was often strictly phantasmal. The Roman Catholic Church attempted to re-establish the catholic faith among people by regulating the artworks produced. The gray cougars were forced to bring back the medieval tradition of producing strictly spectral art, branching off into the different direction from the blue painters.Scipione Pulzone was famous in Rome as the prototype of the southerly painters during this time period for his strictly religious paintings. The Lamentation, one of his most famous paintings, serves as the prime workout of the art commissioned by the Church. Painted in 1592 for the chapel of the dearest of Christ in the Jesuit church of Ges in Rome, this painting is distinctly influence d by the Counter- Reformation in that it demonstrates the new artistic style advocated by the holy council. The Crucifixion of the Christ is the focus of this art mend, drawing viewing audience attention directly to the idealistic image of Christ in the center. similar other conspiracyern painters during this time period, the artist propagated faith by depiction the lives of saints and Christ in a possible yet intensely striking manner. The careful expound, facial expressions, along with the shadows cast on people produce the lifelike characteristics. The depiction of the folds on peoples gowns is also note-worthy. The artist adds details such(prenominal) as tears of Virgin, the crown of thorns held by conjuration, and the pallor of the Christs body to demonstrate people in a more expressionistic manner. Moreover, the spotlight on the Christ in the center contributes an illusionistic and dramatic element to the painting which counter-balances the paintings realistic image . The light cast on the Christ, in comparison to the dark basis, creates about a theatrical impression. These characteristics represent the style of art in the south of the Alps during this period, also called the Italian conversion. Catholic Italy and Lutheran Germany shared in a lively commerceand the art of the sixteenth century in the north manifests the benefit of the deputize. Although the religious clash tormented the sixteenth century Europe, the exchange of artistic ideas continued to thrive.In the North, the intellectual shakeup of age-old faiths and opinions wide-awake the way for a new and nonreligious outlook on the world-the Enlightenment-when the rise of a scientific view of nature would challenge forever the dogmatisms of the erstwhile(prenominal), also called the blue Renaissance. However, the art of Union Europe during this period is also characterized by a sudden awareness of the advances made by the Italian Renaissance and by a desire to assimi previous(a ) this new style. In other words, while the content of the artworks produced in the North differ from those of the region south of the Alps, the style was similar. Many blue artists traveled to Rome to study the new art in firsthand and others were exposed to the Italian style of painting through the direct contact with the Italian artists who came to the north. The influence of the Italian art varied according to the artist, the time, and the place the northern artists generally kept their local traditions while adopting only single motifs or the general form of a composition. The Union painters in general moving away from depicting biblical scenes and false to painting mine run people in a commonplace displace can be inferred to have been influenced by the Protestant- Reformation. Especially in the north of the Alps, the artists quickly incorporated Italian style into their artworks while avoiding portrayal of religious themes.The famous work, The Battle of Issus, by Albrech t Altdorfer in 1529 is a colossal role model of a northern painting that diverges from the works produced in the regions south of the Alps. Albrecht Altdorfer represents the Donaustil (Danube Style), which depicts the ornament and stresses mood and passion. Although Altdorfers style is unique and personal, it still reflects the influence of Protestant- Reformation in that it eliminates depiction of religious themes. Moreover, his style clearly diverges from the style of painting prevailing in the regions of the south of the Alps. The painter gives a birds eye view of an alpine landscape painting as the setting and depicts the battle scene in which the b neglect lovage the Great overthrows the Persian King Darius. Instead of illustrating the strictly religious theme, the artist chooses to focus more on depicting the historical event. The crowd of people in comparison to the vast nature in the background suggests the rede theme of the insignificance of human life. He uses the va st nature in the background to signize the power of cosmos and the illuminating sky to represent the vast space. The slight trace of Italian Renaissance is shown by the meticulous details the painter uses for the image of Alexander the Great and the dramatic and illusionistic portrayal of the setting. in any case the idealistic impression of the artwork as a whole resembles that of the Italian Renaissance paintings.Another praise-worthy example of Northern painting is The ideal of capital of France by Lucas Cranach the Elder, who is the representative of German Protestant painting. This work is a great example of how his works shifted from religious to humanistic subject matter when he became a follower of Luther. His humanistic subject matters include mythology, history, and also portraits. The Judgment of Paris illustrates the scene from mythology in which the three goddesses boast off their beauties in front of Paris. The humanistic subject matter along with the background la ndscape reflects the classifiable characteristics of Northern paintings. The cupid in the painting serves as a symbol for love and affection while the German armor that Paris is wearable in the painting represents his social status as a sawhorse and his honor. The artist does not dress the goddesses after the antique manner. Cranachs composition featuring the nude person was inspired in an attempt to learn from the style of Italian Renaissance.The quadruplet Apostles by Albrecht Durer in 1526 is a remarkable northern painting that is stylistically influenced by Italian Renaissance. This art piece is unique in that the painter expresses his own religious and political testament, sympathizing the protestant cause and warning against the dangerous times, when religious, truth, justice, and the virtues all will be threatened. Unlike other Northern paintings, this piece does tame religious meanings, but it distinguishes itself from Italian paintings by eliminating any glorification of the Church. This piece was hung in the city hall, the four apostles typically representing the guardians of the city they are cautioning people against the sermons of false prophets who will misinterpret the word of God. The four apostles are symbolic representative of various ideas such as the four temperaments, of the human soul, and also the four ages of man. In this painting, Durers experience of traveling to Italy allows him to harmonize the two opposing styles of northern naturalism and southern monumentality. The realistic visualization of the four apostles reflects the northern naturalism while the monumentality of the figures along with the vivid use of color and dandy lighting mirror the Italian Renaissance. Durer, along with Cranach and Altdorfer, serves as an example of northern artist who illustrated contents related to Protestant-Reformation while incorporating styles of Italian Renaissance into his paintings.The Netherlands was the olympian region in North in w hich Calvinism and Catholicism co-existed. In the late 16th Century, the Northern Netherlands was able to break away from Spains influence, while the Southern Netherlands waited under the rule of Spain. Therefore, the Northern Netherlands eventually embraced Calvinism while the Southern Netherlands remained as supporters of Catholicism. It is important to realize that Dutch and Flemings were not predestined to become Calvinists and Catholics it was completely caused by the geographical and military circumstances. No curtain existed between the North and the South that forbid the exchange of ideas. In fact, Constantin Huygens, a diplomat and an art critic, referred to great painters of Amsterdam, Utrecht, and The Hague collectively as the painters of Netherlands. Therefore, it cannot be concluded that the Northern Netherlands was only influenced by Calvinist ideas, which also applies to the Southern Netherlands.In the early 17th Century Catholicism was suppressed and catholic churc hes were demolished due to the image breaker movement, but the protestantizing of the Northern Netherlands was still a slow process. Most artists chose to remain as Catholics, although exact number is hard to determine. However, the attempt to repair ravish caused by the iconoclast movement was not as extensive and as systematic in the North as in the South. The Northern Renaissance in the Netherlands took on a completely different form from the Italian Renaissance because the Church no overnight was the major patron in the North. Instead, the wealthy merchant middle class were the primary patrons of the art and thus, the Dutch masters painted small pictures for their small houses, not for the Cathedral altars. Since overlarge church commissions were no longer available, artists changed their styles in accordance to the taste of their new customers. The artists from the Netherlands specialized in intense realism, depicting lifelike features with an unflattering honesty, imperti nent the Italian Renaissance painters who specialized in idealism and simplicity. Therefore, the basis of art for the Northern Renaissance was observation while for the Italian Renaissance, it was theory. The Northern Renaissance in the Netherlands indirectly reflects the influence of Protestantism in that religious themes no longer prevailed in art, although more direct causes were the changing structure of the Netherlands economy and culture. The artworks produced in the 17th Century Netherlands were more conservative compared to those of Germany, concentrating on the nature and the past times of the prosperous Dutch merchants. The direct portraits, realistic still-lifes, landscapes, marine-scapes, and genre paintings presentation scenes of everyday life were popular subjects of the Dutch artists.A Scene on the Ice by Hendrick Avercamp in 1625 is an accurate representation of a typical Dutch style, illustrating the commonplace scene of people enjoying winter sports in the cool i t village of Kampen northeast of Amsterdam. His style clearly reflects the Northern Renaissances realism and its use of details, faithfully depicting the winter. He enhances his realistic rendering by using a frosty day to convey a sense of shrewdness the pearly gray tonality here becomes ever paler and the forms less distinct as they move into the distance. His work is unique in that it successfully portrays all classes of Dutch society through by using meticulous details, from the forgetful fisherman surveying the skater to the well-dressed ladies riding in an elegant sleigh set by a groom. This is the typical genre painting of Northern Renaissance departing itself from the religious influence of Roman Catholic Church of Italy.A seascape, along with landscape, also became very popular in Holland due to the rise of merchant class view of Dordrecht from the Dordtse Kil by Jan Van Goyen painted in 1644 serves is an telling seascape painting. The artist uses monochromatic phase, wh ich is a technique in which a single color dominates the painting, to unify each view of nature the princely brown aura dictates the scene, from the hazy clouds to the city skyline. He reached the summit of Northern realism by lowering the horizon to focus more on the atmospheric conditions overhead and by creating an illusion of standing on the opponent shore of the port. Unlike the Northern Netherlands, the Southern Netherlands was more influenced by the Counter Reformation than the Protestant Reformation. The Reborn Catholicism in Spain had an undeniable strike on the Southern Netherlands provinces. Moreover, France sent numerous religious orders and congregations to Spanish Netherlands in order to secure the Catholics authority.The disparity in the contents of the paintings resulted from the disagreement in Protestants and Catholics perspectives of the human relationship with god. Unlike the Protestants who claimed that humans are capable of having a direct communication with god, the Catholics argued that intermediaries, such as saints and the Virgin Mary, are immanent for humans to connect with god. Therefore, Catholics created artworks of saints, the Virgin Mary, and Jesus and gave reverence to them, as a way of getting closer to god. Although the Catholics asserted that they are not worshipping the intermediaries, the Protestants criticized this commit and led the iconoclastic movements. Iconoclasm is a deliberate destruction of religious icons and symbols within ones own culture for religious changes. The Protestants and Catholics conflict was caused by the difference in their perspectives of the sacred and secularwhile the Catholics maintained the clear separation of the two, the reformers recognize the connection between the two. Consequently, the Roman Catholic Church clergy advocated strictly religious and sacred artworks whereas the reformers preferred artworks depicting the lives of ordinary people. The Northern Protestant painters believed that an ordinary life could glorify God just as much as a life in the ministry since god created humans in His image, the rehabilitation artists claimed that they are glorifying god by portraying the natural beauty of his creation, in other words, the people. These differing ideas are well conveyed through the artworks produced from the regions south of the Alps, north of the Alps, and the Netherlands mentioned above. My thesis is partially proven to be correct in that Italian art was definitely influenced by the Counter- Reformation and that German art was influenced by the Protestant- Reformation. only contradicting to my statement, the Netherlands was influenced by both religious movements. According to the Art History professor Sarah Blick from Canyon University, the Counter- Reformation had a more direct influence on art produced after 1520s then the Protestant Reformation. Therefore, she suggested me focus on the lack of religious content in the artworks in order to stud y the influence of Protestant Reformation during her interview. Although artworks from each of these regions have distinct characteristics that set them apart, Italian style of painting frequently perceived in these artworks indicate that artists were inspired by each other. Because I had to narrow down my topic, many new questions emerged from my research. I am curious to know whether the various Protestantism had different influences on art. For this research, I referred to Protestants as one group but I unavoidableness to extend my research so that I can investigate on the influence of the Protestant Sectarianism on art.BibliographyMacCulloch, Diarmaid. The Reformation A History. upstart York Viking Adult, 2004. Print.The Annotated Mona Lisa. Missouri John Boswell Management, Inc., 1992. Print.Helen, Gardner,. Gardners art through the ages. Fort Worth Harcourt call down College, 1996. Print.Iconography of the Counter Reformation in the Netherlands heaven on earth John B Knippi ngsArt of the Reformation and Counter-Reformation. HyperHistory.net. Web. 07 Oct. 2009. .Scipione Pulzone (Il Gaetano) The Lamentation (1984.74) Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History The metropolitan Museum of Art. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York metmuseum.org. Web. 07 Oct. 2009. .Janson, H. W. History of art for young people. New York H.N. Abrams, 2002. Print.Matters of discretion Genre and Still Life Painting in the Dutch easy Age. Welcome to Albany Institute of History and Art. Web. 07 Oct. 2009. .

Business Analysis Of Foxconn Business Essay

Business Analysis Of Foxconn Business EssayThe Foxconn Technology assort is specialise in computer, communications, consumer electronics, digital con got, auto parts, and sales of high-tech enterprises 6C labor. With roots applied science, manufacturing and innovative decision-making, Jau-Ji in mainland China since 1974, particularly in 1988 in Shenzhen Construction, The Foxconn has expanded rapidly, with much than 90 one thousand million people and the worlds leading IT customer base, as the worlds largest The electronics exertion occasionr. Exports to the mainland in 8 consecutive years, ranks the bloom 200 list 2010 among the fact spherical 500 2010 No. 112.LeadersTerry Gou founded Hon Hai in Taiwan in 1974 with ten workers to retrace plastic parts for television sets. In 1988 Terry Gou opened his first grind in Mainland China, in Shenzhen, where his largest factory remains today. Terry Gou now owns 30% of the public company and was be 142nd on Forbes magazines 20 07 list of the worlds richest people, with a net worth of US$5.5 billion. domain of military control operationThe Foxconn leads through its competence, creativity, and team upwork. Its quest for excellence did not throw in it to rest on the laurels of its past success, as with the increase in size comes the challenges of operating in a timely fashion. The Group has hundreds of subsidiaries and stolon offices through Asia, Europe and the America. The strategy of having both RD Clusters they atomic number 18 based in Asia and the America are the major anchors where the RD teams are housed, where the laboratories are located, and where advanced seek is performed. The three pattern and manufacturing zones that are located in Asia, Europe, and the America are where the externalise is implemented and final assembly is achieved in large outmatch/high efficiency/low cost/high quality via tumid integration. The Foxconn prides itself on its commitment to having zero inventory and on time manner of speaking that adds value to existing increases, develops new reaping patronage, and beats competition to the securities industry, and where afford powerfulness meets relegate of the art technology. Through its subsidiaries and affiliates world tolerant, The Foxconn hunt downs its customers with an all in one do and acrimonious edge IT products worldwide.Business ModelFoxconns leadership is founded on the basis of maintaining a constant focus on Component Module Move and Service, a business model that was envisaged by its founder and CEO, Terry Gou. The Foxconn offers an extraordinary portfolio of capabilities on the design of components and modules that enables it to deliver a one stop solution from design and get to logistics and to repair and maintenance crossways the globe. The volt primaeval tenets of to inherent business model -speed, quality, technology, flexibility, and cost efficiency throw proven Foxconns sustainability that lies at the co re of its quest for success.ProductsWith its well established technology on stamp and tooling, The Foxconn has evolved from being a compriser to an innovative technology developer and to becoming the industry leader in mechanical, optical, and electronic integration. It finds a new focus in a host of areas such as nanotechnology, oestrus transfer technology, radiocommunication ne devilrking systems, green environmental technology, CAD/CAE, optical film, sputter technology, AMT, and networking chipset design.Establish itself in China improve the layoutThe Foxconn bear on to enhance R D design and engineering service capabilities, gradually establish a China- center fielded, extended maturement to the rest of the worlds inter subject field territory.In the Pearl River Delta region, built in Shenzhen, Foshan, Zhongshan, Dongguan cognizance and Technology Park, and established the Shenzhen Longhua Global Logistics Manufacturing for the Group headquarters, its three business ta x revenue year after year into the top ten enterprises in Shenzhen City, and the top ten tax annual tax contribution of over ten billion yuan in Shenzhen. Park is transforming into a new product R D and design center, the key manufacturing technology R D Center, new materials, new life force R D center, manufacturing equipment and tooling technology explore and training center, product display / trade / logistics and distribution center and try out base the amount of new products, and strive to become Shenzhen construction of national innovative city, the main driving force.In the Yangtze River Delta region, the layout in Kunshan, Hangzhou, Shanghai, grandmajing, Huaian, Jiashan, Changshu, etc., to form a clearcutness connector, wireless communication components, CNC equipment, body parts, semiconductor equipment and software technology ripening and supply cooking stove industry chain polymerization system, boosting the regional industrial structure optimization and upgr ading.In the Bohai Sea region, the layout of Yantai, Beijing, Langfang, Tianjin, Qinhuangdao, Yingkou, Shenyang and former(a) places, to wireless communications, consumer electronics, computer parts, precision machine tools, automation equipment, environmental technology, nanotechnology and opposite industries as the backbone for regional economic development and manufacture of kinetic energy transfer technology.In the Midwest, investment Taiyuan, Jincheng, Wuhan, Nanning, Zhengzhou, Chongqing and subgenus Chengdu, the focus on the development of precision mold, magnesium alloy, automobile parts, mechanical and electrical modules and other products, participatingly help with the Rise of Central China, West National Development Strategy.Sophisticated technology to win the opportunityContinued to improve in precision molds, key components, modules and other products both electrical and mechanical integration of technology values, The Foxconn actively promote cross-technology integ ration, nanotechnology, precision optics, environmental lighting, flat panel display, automation, thermal acoustical magnetic, industrial measurement, semiconductor equipment, and other fields have achieved fruitful results.The Foxconn Nanotechnology seek Center of Tsinghua controllable growth of carbon nanotubes and application in the field, continue to achieve groundbreaking results. Group of independent development of industrial robots FOXBOT, in the spheric technology and manufacturing industry to win the subsequent advantages.The Foxconn testing center in South China and East China is the ILAC internationalist science lab Accreditation Cooperation Organization, of which R D validation, product testing, simulation, experiments, and so is a world leading level.The Foxconn to actively constitute energy saving, emission reduction, green, recycling, green business and rigorously enforce the RoHS WEEE international environmental standards such as independent research and deve lopment LED energy saving lamps, energy-saving aluminum, intelligent all heat ex tiltrs and other green products, to promote the production, living the quality of the environment and peoples animation continues to improve.The Foxconn has set up all over Papua, the coupled States, Europe and across three continents of the professional R D network, establish a hard platform for innovative mechanisms and Intellectual Property Management, 2009, to achieve 13,400 patent applications, of which 80% or more categories of invention patents, for 5 consecutive years were come in patent applications listed mainland and the top three patent applications. Chinese enterprises become the wisdom of riding the right of the global technology industry pioneer.Feedback social billing staffThe Foxconn long-term commitment of Charities, 2008, earthquake in Wenchuan, has more than 7200 million for the donations sent to disaster areas. Accumulated over the years donated money to everywhere one bill ion NT Group, benefiting more than 30 provinces. Through the disability drill project, and actively explore solutions to social problems disabled by a wide range of school-enterprise cooperation, and create hundreds of thousands of jobs.People-oriented, profit sharing, employees. Group than the terms of the labor pinch law and the full labor contracts, both to purchase legal redress for all employees, but also for the staff set up five security lines, and establish a comprehensive, multi-level security system employees. Through the allocated units, placements and other measures to motivate good employees, create a well-being, stability and development, the harmonious atmosphere.Foxconn and Tsinghua University, capital of Red China University, National Taiwan University, renowned academic institutes such as conjunct education, and collaboration with local disposals Enterprise University, set up several(predicate) levels of fosterage system for all resulting to learn, exiting to learn the staff keep education, lifelong learning opportunities and conditions for the growth of the young talent pool to create institutional memory in order to display the stage and space.Hongfei miles, fuji cherry is Kang. Foxconn will continue to love and cultural tradition, fulfilling social debt instrument, nurturing talent, innovation and development patterns, technological innovation and industrial restructuring challenges a higher goal, to create long-term, stability, development, technology, international of the companys long first-class Green AlbertFoxconn in China, Taiwan, Japan, Southeast Asia and the Americas, Europe and other places have hundreds of subsidiaries and representative offices of global logistics strategy, both R D, design and manufacture of three districts, the global assembly of delivery.Both R D (Time to commercialise) cardinal R D refers to the Greater China and the United States as two major strategic pivot, set up R D team and research and development laboratories, pulse master technology to meet the Groups product development strategy and an important strategy for global product development customer involve for new product development, creating new growth global markets.Design and manufacture of three districts (Time to volume)Third District design and manufacture of the layout of the focus is mainland China as the center, at least three continents, Asia, the United States and Europe set up two manufacturing bases, with product introduction, design savour preparation, engineering serve and high-efficiency low-cost high-quality large-scale vertical integrated manufacturing strengths to provide customers with the most competitive technology products.Global assembly of delivery (Time to money)Global assembly delivery refers to assemble a global scale to correspond the right products, timely, appropriate quality, appropriate to the goods delivered to the client specified location. To this end, with customer admits for global logistics distribution and channel building in order to meet to goods stock, not when the goods are zero inventory objectives.Goals for futureConduct SER on site audits for 200 suppliers identified as being at stake of non conformanceConduct the Conflict Minerals survey throughout the supply chain and require suppliers not to use those metalsDrive all PCB suppliers to be restricted ISO 14001 standardDrive 200 suppliers to conduct GHG reductionCooperate with customers and suppliers to pundit the product carbon footprint programChart below shows the presidency structure of FoxconnBoard of managing directorsGeneral coachAssistant General ManagerExecutive Vice PresidentSales Vice President substitute General Manager of Production TechnologyHuman ResourcesFinance plane sectionGeneral Administration DepartmentTrade instalmentStatic Divisionelectronics DivisionMarketingDesign RDEngineering TechnologyStatic ProductsElectronic ProductsService DepartmentMarketing center o f attentionGroup Marketing CentreAbout the KingdeeKingdee International Software Group Company limited (stock principle 0268) is a lead software company in China specializing in the delivery of foot blade enterprise management software, middleware in the Asia peaceable region.It is also one of the fastest-growing independent software providers in the worlds first line of management in providing online, e-commerce services.Kingdee altar drive as its task to make progress in the management of standard software from it, nurture e-commerce, service its customers, promote Chinas management of pulse encoder device world.Customer first attitude, innovation, integrity and responsibility to reflect the groups core values. Kingdee services to enterprises and government information through its 54 branches, and in marketing and service partners, more than 1,500 consulting, technology and implementation services, and in concentrated demand around the world. It is already recognized by the Inter national Data Co., Ltd. as the largest player in the SME management software market in China in terms of market share of the foursome series of years, small and medium enterprises as the better in Asia for two consecutive years by Forbes Asia.Future prospectsKingdee IDC, was named as the SME ERP market in China for five consecutive years in Forbes Asias leading, the best in Asia in a million, one for four consecutive years, the best ability to Sofrware Award , the highest capacity management in China Software , better Technical Innovation Software Award . In 2007, IBM invested Kingdee, as its strategic shareholders. IBM has been with the Groups cooperation incluind products, technology, consulting and marketing. The countrys economic stimulus measures, including plans invigrate electronic information industry, began to take effect in the second half of 2009. In response to the financial crisis, local enterprises have basic IT applications in a more emphasis on interior managemen t, e-commerce, information technology, and industry consolidation, business transformation and upgrading, while the demand for IT consulting and services commensurate with the growth.The Chinese government has actively promoted e-government infrastructure and support for the domestic help software industry and the pharmaceutical industry of information technology development. The adjoining four years, is expected to harvest time, and the results of these efforts in China in the manufacture of application software, middleware, e-commerce software development, investment, e-government software, medical and hospital management applications. In 2010, the Group is well prepared to seize the economic recovery and a squiffy software industry opportunity. It will continue to expand the program to different industries through market penetration and further into a service company, and extend the operation of the entire product lifecycle, thereby enhancing its core competitiveness, providin g products and services, improve customer value. The team will enhance merger and acquisition to consolidate its active ingredients business management software and middleware in the area of leadership. The team will also further develop e-commerce, e-government, health care of its business, the Group will strive to build a global think tank best management practices to provide greater value in Chinese enterprises, government departments and non-profit system of ruless.Chart below shows the organization structure of KingdeeCEOMr. Xu Shao ChunCFOMr. Chen Deng KunNon-executive DirectorMr. James Ming KingNon-executive DirectorMr. Ho Ching Hua commutative Non-executive DirectorMs. Yang Zhou NanIndependent Non-executive DirectorMr. Wu ChengIndependent Non-executive DirectorMr. Yeung Kwok OnIndependent Non-executive DirectorMr. Gary Clark BIDDLECompany SecretaryMs. Ngan Lin Chun, Esther ACSQualified controlMr. Ho Ka Man, Barry CPAAudit Committee of the BoardMs. Yang Zhou NanAudit Committ ee of the BoardMr. Wu ChengAudit Committee of the BoardMr. Gary Clark BIDDLEEmployees determinationSo, we can see lots of difference between Foxconn and Kingdee in business operation, Business Model, Products and Goals for future and etc. The organization structure of Kingdee is smaller than the organization structure of Foxconn. The good thing about the Foxconn is the share in market is large than other company and the competition is strong in the world. And the advantage about Kingdee is the goals are the organization structure is more easy to change than MNC and the management of the company is more humanization. We need to learn the good things and the unstable things from Foxconn and Kingdee. The good things can help us to improve ourselves, and the bad things came be the advice to warn ourselves. By the finally, the knowledge are limitless, we should learn more and more knowledge so that we can easy to find the job which we demand to get. The information of Foxconn and Kingd ee are a good part of the knowledge which we need to learn.

Stages of Human Development

St get along withs of Human ontogenesis5 Stages of Human DevelopmentSocial, physical, emotional, cognitive and cultural changes exit place doneout the lifespan of an separate. thither is a general sequence of riseing which is fixed, however the rate of rearment put up sometimes differ depending on many a(prenominal) factors. There atomic number 18 key ineluctably which must be met and consequences if they are not.Stage of intent Cycle Infancy 0-5 YearsAttachment Theory-BowlbyAt this salute the baby is highly dependant. From the moment a baby is born they begin to get up physically. The babys senses begin to develop he is able to focus on objects, reveals to apprehend the weight of his head up and attempts to pull himself-importance up holding onto the edge of a chair or table. He then find outs to crawl and with lashings of encouragement finally learns to walk. Through interaction with parents, family, friends and another(prenominal) electric shaverren they learn to socialise, mulct and communicate. With much needed stimulation and play, babies and four-year-old children learn. They begin to recognise and bunco faces, characters, objects and songs. With communication, consistency and encouragement they learn speech and are taught routines and behaviour, such as bed-time and toilet training. To develop emotionally, a baby call for passionateness, affection and logical administer. Bowlbys bail bond theory, as later complimented by Rutter, suggests that from birth a child charters a consistent attachment and bonding with at least atomic number 53 main caregiver. With a sense of safety, belonging and being cared for unconditionally the child learns trust and views the world as a safe place to be. For this inspirement it is important to avoid broken attachments. If the childs parents are uncaring, unreliable, are inconsistent with their care or if circumstances ca character the attachment to be broken completely, the child whitethor n be unable to develop to their bountiful potential. Without an adequate, loving attachment the infant whitethorn not be able to develop a loving race in future and without a trusting relationship with the main caregiver, they provide develop mistrust. They whitethorn become apprehensive, withdrawn and suspicious around people. Stage of support Cycle childhood 5-12 years8 stages of individuality Initiative v Guilt-EriksonAs the child reaches school age they have increasing physical independence. They now begin to learn mod skills such as running, skipping, ball games and cycling. They have progressed socially and have the contentedness to choose their take friends, find their experience interests and make their own decisions referly which activities they take part in. They begin to develop an understanding of others postulate and wants and learn to share and take turns. They potbelly begin to develop emotional attachments to individuals other than family members whic h can develop if stimulated. Cognitively the child begins school education and begins to develop an understanding of authority and following rules. At this stage of a childs phylogeny they should be able to learn porta without taking on also much guilt. Initiative means they should be allowed a certain hail of responsibility and the freedom to learn unused skills they can only strike this by the parents allowing and encouraging their child to try out ideas and to allow them to use their imagination. The child must not be treated to feel excessively much guilt over their behaviour or feel ridiculed this can lead them to become over sensitive and they can feel punishable astir(predicate) their judgements. On the other hand too much initiative and too little guilt can create a ruthless individual they whitethorn not contemplate or care about the consequences of their actions. Erikson also states a child must develop a capacity for industry without excessive inferiority. The child must learn to understand the variety between imagination and reality with the guidance of parents and teachers. The child should learn the feeling of success and be praised and encouraged, without this they may develop an inferiority complex they may become scared of cuckoldure and not able to attempt and learn new skills. Stage of Life Cycle Adolescence 13-20 years8 Stages of Identity Identity v Role Confusion/Self Concept-Carl RogersDuring adolescence the individual goes through a rapid growth spurt. Puberty begins and many developmental changes take place boys begin to develop much defined muscle tone, scratching to grow hair over their body and their voice breaks and becomes deeper girls become more curvaceous and they begin their menstrual period-both sexes become extremely hormonal which can lead to mood swings affecting their social and emotional life. They may be concerned that they are not developing as quickly as their peers causing emotional stress. Teens begin to develop and explore their personality and self image. Dependant on their culture they may develop physical relationships and look into with drugs and alcohol. They experience and develop new social skills as they attend higher(prenominal) education and may leave the family home to attend college or university. The intelligence continues to develop until late adolescence. Cognitively this can be a rattling turbulent time with the pressure of exams and choosing their career. As adolescents go through new life experiences and learn to deal with their emotions, they begin to take responsibility for themselves, strike on their experience of life so far and create their own identity. Teens a good deal rebel against the authority which has governed them up until this point they break the rules and resist against their parents wishes. Their behaviour and attitudes change, they experiment with style and clothing and even begin to blab out differently as they campaign to find their true self. They have a need to discover their own identity and to been seen in a positive way by others. Eriksons theory states that the individual must discover his own identity and without the freedom to do so may struggle to shot in and socialise. If this development is not made, for example if adults in the adolescents life do not allow them the freedom to express themselves, they may find it arduous to take on responsibilities and develop a sense of right from wrong. Should the parents thrusting them to conform to their views the individual will experience role confusion.Stage of Life Cycle maturity 21-65 yearsHierarchy of needs-MaslowAs the individual reaches young adulthood, they reach their peak physical fitness, have an increase in formidability and should have developed a balance of good health and lifestyle. They may have their own children and have begun to settle down. They have generally discrete and have settled down into their chosen field of profession and st ool to develop and improve their education and skills. They now take on many more responsibilities such as a mortgage, providing a stable and make prisoner base for their family or they may experience stress within the workplace. emotionally they may have experience of death and bereavement. They have more intimate relationships and may decide to marry their role within the family changes and they begin to defecate social networks.According to Maslow, to achieve fulfilment an individual has key needs which must be met in order to reach their full potential, this is crawl in as a hierarchy of needs. The bottom of the pyramid shows physiological needs such as cling to, food, warmth, stimulation and rest. The next level states safety needs which are required protection from disease and illness. Maslow states that in order to excise up the pyramid, each stage of requirements must be met. For example, without food and shelter an individual cannot be safe against disease and in turn cannot move up to the next step of the pyramid which is love and belongingness, followed by self-esteem. In adult life in our culture it is expected that an individual will be provided with their physiological needs and can live in safety. If they do not receive the love and affection they need trust and espousal and a feeling of belongingness they may not have self-esteem. Without respect and love from others they cannot respect and love themselves.Stage of Life Cycle Older Adulthood 65+ yearsHierarchy of needs-MaslowAs the adult enters into the last stage of their life, they may begin to physically grow frail and can often suffer with mental illness. Older adults eyesight and hearing often begins to fail as they age. Socially the older generation tend to follow other interests and after retirement have time to lead a full social life. However, the older generation can become more disjunct due to family issues or health reasons such as hearing or sight difficulties. Emotionally t hey can become withdrawn feeling themselves as a burden to their society, family and friends. They may begin to contemplate their lives and have ostracize feelings such as regret or guilt however they may feel fulfilled, proud of their accomplishments and their family. An older adult has wisdom and experience although they may find it difficult to grasp and understand new technology and develop new skills. These disabilities are often due to ill health or memory loss.According to Maslows Hierarchy of Needs, at that top of the pyramid the individual has a need for esteem self-esteem and the esteem they receive from others. They require a level of respect for themselves and from others with the needs met they feel self positive(p) and valuable. Without esteem they can feel inferior and worthless. If all the needs of the pyramid have been met, the older adult reaches self-actualisation a feeling that they have lived a life of purpose. Without the other needs of the pyramid being met they may struggle to reach this level. ReferencesMiller. J (2000) Care in Practice for Higher Still, Hodder StoughtonErikson. E.H. (1965) Childhood and Society, Hogarth Press, London, pp.222-43http//webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/erikson.htmlhttp//www.learning-theories.com/eriksons-stages-of-development.html

Jim Abbott :: essays research papers

Jim AbbottIt is a clear summer night at Fenway putting green in Boston. The Boston Red Sox and theCalifornia Angels be in a hot pennant race. The Boston Red Sox are the best hit team in the American League. The Angels need a win and are counting ontheir rookie hurler. The old green stadium is profuse with die-hard RedSox fans as the rookie takes the mound. He has to concentrate on tonights gameand ignore the crowd. The game advanced with no trouble for the rookie. In theend, he gave up four harmless hits and, most importantly, no runs. When he gotthe final man out, giving his team a 4-0 victory, he starts to base on balls off themound. All over Fenway Park, not merely Angel fans, exclusively Red Sox fans stood andapplauded, cheering the rookie off the field. Everyone knew that they had seensomeone very special. This individual was Jim Abbott. Jim Abbott has led aneventfully life. He brought his college team to the championship in 1985,brought Team regular army to gold in 19 88, and threw a no hitter against the ClevelandIndians in 1993. These achievements are not what make him so special whatmakes Jim Abbott even more unique is that he only has one hand. As a childJims parents unceasingly told him that he could do anything he wanted to do. Theyknew that their son loved sports. They hoped that Jim would touch soccer, whichdidnt require the use of hands, but right from the very beginning, Jim lovedbaseball. So, Jims parents bought him a baseball glove. However, Jim was notjust involved in baseball. He was the diadem scorer in his schools intramuralbasketball league, and played cardinal days of varsity football. Jims variousathletic exploits resulted in press attention. When Jim got to college, hepicked up right where he had left off in high school. His two main goals wereto get an education and to become the best possible pitcher he could be. Atthis point, his fastball was close to ninety miles per hour. Jim to worked hardon a straight change-up an d a better curveball. In the dip of 1987, Jim Abbottwas given(p) the United States Baseball Federations coveted Golden Spikes Award.This award is given yearly to the best amateur baseball player in the country.That wasnt his only award. He also received the Academy Award for Sports Awardfor heroism in 1987 and was chosen as the March of Dimes Amateur Athlete of the

The Physics of a Quality Espresso Essay -- Process Physics Essays

The Physics of a property Espresso There be many ways to get a dear cup of javathrough perculators, gravity systems, and steeping fresh gounds. However, espresso, which is usually considered a finer beverage, is make by taking about two ounces of espresso donkeywork (ground arabica beans) dribbleed tightly into the stop of an espresso elevator car, and submitting it to high insistenced zesty weewee.An espresso political machine is designed to extort a small amout of water through tightly packed, fine ground drinking chocolate. The predilection is to pull the best flavored and most consistent espresso from the espresso blend. In order to fall upon theatrical role espresso certain physical processes require to scoop out place to wit the passage of pressurized water through the espresso grind, heat transfer, and comprise packing of espresso into the wit of an espresso machine.Acording to Gourmet retail merchant, a monthly publication addicted to gourmet foods and services, the business amount of pressure is required to make a quality espresso To realize the perfect crema espresso, the actual pressure should be amid nine and cardinal atm (or bar) when the hot water passes through the coffee (52). Now, the actual pressure capacity of an espresso machine is usually out of the users control, entirely an explination of the physical concepts whitethorn be the first step in defining a quality espresso.In Physics a World View, Larry D. Kirkpatrick and Gereld F. wheel horse write compress is the force exerted on a surface divided by the sweep of the surfacethat is, the force per unit ara (171).P = F / AThis defeniton applies to gases, liquids, and solids. In the case of pressurized water in an espresso machine, for instance, if the water had thirty newtons of force and the espresso grind had... ...e and bitterness is pulled from the espresso.As I have shown, there are three major physical concepts surrounding a quality espresso. When the espresso machine has the correct pressure quantity (between nine and 11 bar), and the water is hot enough, you can get a quality espresso. save remember, if the barista running the machine has no concept of this, or really hasnt had a agglomerate of experience making gourmet coffee, then the espresso may not malefactor out as you like. A good espresso pack in the head of the machine is required for an excellent espresso. Works Cited coffee Centers & Espresso Machines. Gourmet Retailer Feb. 2003 52.Schomer, David C. Espresso Coffee Professional Techniques. New York Peanut cover Publishing, 1996. 37.Kirkpatrick, Larry D. and Gerald F. Wheeler. Physics a World View. Orlando Harcourt College Publishers, 2001. 171. The Physics of a Quality Espresso testify -- Process Physics EssaysThe Physics of a Quality Espresso There are many ways to get a good cup of coffeethrough perculators, gravity systems, and steeping fresh gounds. However, espresso, which is usua lly considered a finer beverage, is made by taking about two ounces of espresso grind (ground arabica beans) packed tightly into the head of an espresso machine, and submitting it to high pressured hot water.An espresso machine is designed to force a small amout of water through tightly packed, finely ground coffee. The idea is to pull the best flavored and most consistent espresso from the espresso blend. In order to achieve quality espresso certain physical processes have to take placenamely the passage of pressurized water through the espresso grind, heat transfer, and correct packing of espresso into the head of an espresso machine.Acording to Gourmet Retailer, a monthly publication devoted to gourmet foods and services, the right amount of pressure is required to make a quality espresso To create the perfect crema espresso, the actual pressure should be between nine and eleven atm (or bar) when the hot water passes through the coffee (52). Now, the actual pressure capacity of a n espresso machine is usually out of the users control, but an explination of the physical concepts may be the first step in defining a quality espresso.In Physics a World View, Larry D. Kirkpatrick and Gereld F. Wheeler write Pressure is the force exerted on a surface divided by the area of the surfacethat is, the force per unit area (171).P = F / AThis defeniton applies to gases, liquids, and solids. In the case of pressurized water in an espresso machine, for instance, if the water had thirty newtons of force and the espresso grind had... ...e and bitterness is pulled from the espresso.As I have shown, there are three major physical concepts surrounding a quality espresso. When the espresso machine has the correct pressure quantity (between nine and eleven bar), and the water is hot enough, you can get a quality espresso. But remember, if the barista running the machine has no concept of this, or really hasnt had a lot of experience making gourmet coffee, then the espresso may n ot turn out as you like. A good espresso pack in the head of the machine is required for an excellent espresso. Works CitedCoffee Centers & Espresso Machines. Gourmet Retailer Feb. 2003 52.Schomer, David C. Espresso Coffee Professional Techniques. New York Peanut Butter Publishing, 1996. 37.Kirkpatrick, Larry D. and Gerald F. Wheeler. Physics a World View. Orlando Harcourt College Publishers, 2001. 171.

Declining Efficiency of Investment :: essays papers

Declining Efficiency of Investment It may be useful to put the password of performance constraints of the Thai scrimping briefly in perspective. Over the by 2 decades, the Thai economy has been one of the best performing economies in the world, characterized by sustained high growth judge, averaging 10.3% 1985-90, and 8% in the eld prior to the crisis (1990-96). This growth was accompanied by a dramatic diminution in the incidence of absolute poverty, from 57% in 1962 to 14% in 1992, with per capita income increasing from $700 per annum in the late 1960s, to $2,700 in 1996. At the same time, speedy growth was accompanied by environmental degradation, resource depletion, and an increasingly uneven distribution of income and wealth. However, on balance a remarkable record of development. During this close of rapid growth and economic transformation, Thailand became increasingly integrated into the world economy through trade and investment flows, and production linkage s. As the economy grow rapidly and became more complex in structure, it posed more and peeled types of strains and challenges to economic management or governance systems at both the macro instruction (i.e. public policy) and micro (enterprise) levels. As the relative role of the private firmament increased in the economy, the importance of enterprise management and performance correspondingly increased. Looking more deeply at Thailands performance, manufactured exports grew by rough 23% per year between 1980 and 1995, almost doubling during 1992-1995. However, in 1996 export growth fell practically to 0 per cent, with parturiency-intensive exports usually identified as the main culprit. Certain factors are generally cited as responsible for this abrupt and dramatic decrease External factors cited included the emersion of new competitors, with the coming on stream of new production facilities in lower income/lower wage countries such as China, Indochina, Philippines, furthe r entangled by the30% devaluation of the Chinese yen in 1994 Domestic factors cited generally link to rising wage rates and overvalued exchange rates. Domestic wage rates during 1991-95 rose about 11%, on average or about 5% increase in real wages per year, cited as the place factor in the slowdown in growth of labor intensive exports. The real effective exchange rate of the baht is estimated to have comprehended by about 15% during 1995-97, primarily because of the linkage to the US$, which comprehended against the yen. While the above factors suggest that Thailand was losing its edge in low cost, labor intensive exports, these are at best partial explanations for the overall decline in export performance.

The Elegant Universe :: essays research papers

Part I The Edge of Knowledge Chapter 1 Tied Up with Strings This is the introductory section, where the author, Brian Greene, examines the fundamentals of what is currently proved to be true by experimentation in the realm of ultramodern physics. Green goes on to talk more ab push through "The Basic estimation" of string possibleness. He describes how physicists atomic number 18 aspiring to reach the Theory of Everything, or T.O.E. Some suspect when string theory is completely understood that it magnate turn out to become the T.O.E.Part II The Dilemma of Space, Time, and Quanta Chapter 2 Space, Time, and the bosom of the Beholder In the chapter, Greene describes how Albert Einstein solved the paradox about light. In the mid-1800s James Maxwell succeeded in showing that light was actually an electromagnetic wave. From this he concluded that light always travels at the speed of light. It never slows down. Einstein asked the question "What happens if we chase after a beam of light, at light speed?" From reasoning based on Newtons laws of motion, one foundation assume that the light would appear stationary. But according to Maxwells theory, light cannot be stationary. Einstein solved this problem through his finicky theory of relativity. Greene continues with his explanations of the special theory of relativity.Chapter 3 Of Warps and Ripples Green begins the chapter by describing "Newtons View of Gravity" and continues by discussing the incompatibility of Newtonian Gravity and Special Relativity. The author also duologue about how Einstein discovered the link between acceleration and the misrepresent of space and time. Greene also discuses the basic aspects of General Relativity. He later points out how the two theories of relativity effect black holes, the big bang, and the expansion of space.Chapter 4 Microscopic Weirdness This chapter describes, in detail, the workings of quantum mechanics. The author tells of how waves are set up by quantum mechanic. He also discusses the fact that electromagnetic radiation, or photons, are actually particles and waves. He continues to discuss how matter particles are also matter, that because of their h bar, is so small, the effects are not seen. Green concludes the quantum mechanics discussion by talking about the uncertainty principle.Chapter 5 The collect for a New Theory General Relativity vs. Quantum Mechanics This chapter compares the theory of general relativity and quantum mechanics. It shows that relativity mainly concerns that microscopic world, while quantum mechanics deals with the microscopic world.

The Pritting Press Essay -- essays research papers

In 1440 a slice by the man of Johannes Gutenberg invented movable type, or as we know it, a picture press. former to 1440 everything read in Europe was copied by hand or copied from woody blocks carved from hand. This was very expensive and time consuming. The only people who were literate person were those of the church and a small percentage of nobility. Since the printing press came out, how would this printing European culture and the way things worked? The printing press had galore(postnominal) effectuate on Europe. Very few peasants could read and besides that in that respect wasnt much to read but scriptures. The things that were being read were hand written and of course this took a long time and so not many people wanted to take the time to do it. Monks spent there days and nights copying and writing scriptures in solitude. At the time Latin was the only language the bible was written in, this was about to change.The time the printing press was invented was the er a of the conversion. The Renaissance era is known for inventions and art and spick-and-span ideas. The printing press was just one of the many inventions that came out of the Renaissance era. I believe this to be one of the biggest inventions to come out slightly this time because it changed everything and the way we read now. I am sure that somebody else later would have thought of this but for the time if brought on invigorated ideas.Some of the ideas that came about we...

Essays --

Como ya se sabe la vida de un ser humano depende mucho en lo que la salud le brinde en su vida diaria. Para muchos de los seres humanos en el mundo, el no cuidarse les provoca enfermedades, las cuales producen que el ser sea parte de una vida la cual no sea protegida y blaze ayuda mdica. Con eso la exposicin a la vida que se vive afuera excornpone al ser humano a situaciones severas y a veces causa una ayuda ms check bit ellos. En Mxico como se sabe, el derecho a la salud es de una de las tantas principales bases parity que el ser humano viva en el lugar correcto fuss una buena salud y con el bienestar que es necesario en su vida. La salud es el motor principal para que el humano sepa por donde su vida se pone en riesgo y por donde se puede pasar sin ningn problema. Tambin el ser humano es el cuerpo que en la ciencia forma parte por lo que la salud existe y ms teniendo a la piel expuesta a las bacterias y otras cosas que puedan afectar a la vida diaria de cada ser. Por el momento en Mxico la salud es parte de la vida y pues con el derecho puesto en cada ser humano el producto resulta una ayuda ms para la poblacin que la necesita. Con la promocin del derecho de la salud en Mxico se a puesto a prueba el uso de este para que los individuos se den cuenta la importancia y la necesidad que es tenerla. Teniendo el punto de vista de otro pas, India, me a puesto otra perspectiva con la el significado que se toma en Mxico de la salud. El contraste es masivo y pues la vida se puede poner en riesgo en los dos pases pero la salud se ve de otro modos en cada uno de estos pases. La India se mete en un lugar en donde las situaciones de su salud son normalmente provocadas por la escasez de higiene que existe en el pas. Con esto se estn provoca... ...mo el Programa Nacional de Salud, poniendo nuevos objetivos. Primero se quera poner mas refuerzos interinstitucionales para el desarrollo de programas conjuntos e incrementar la cobertura y poner la oportunidad de los servicios de la salud mas gente de la poblacin. Con todo esto, el gobierno mexicano esperaba elevar el ndice de vida, reducir las tasas de mortalidad en todos sus tipos y mejorar la salud del pas poniendo a la infraestructura primero que nada. Todo el tiempo se sigui este esfuerzo y pues el sexenio que sigui de Ernesto Zedillo, fue parte de esto tambin. Durante el siglo XX, los gobiernos presentes en estas dos ultimas dcadas el de De la Madrid, Salinas de Gortari y Ernesto Zedillo, trataron de rhythm unas series de medidas y programas para poder fortalecer y modificar el tema de la salud en el pas y para poder ofrecerle mayores oportunidades

Declining Ethics in American Culture Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive

Declining Ethics in American Culture It is ominous to see how ethics in the American culture atomic number 18 perpetually declining. Peoples moral values are below ordinary societal standards, which is why, the older generations are outraged by the way things are now, and become rather upset and feel disturbed towards society. Furthermore, religion has doomed its value throughout the years. In the essay, Do Kids Need Religion? by Anthony Brandt, he underlines the idea of how religion is non properly taught or provided to children. In Wendy Shalits essay, The Future of Modesty, she discusses how much modesty has reached its worst in the young generations, however society is beginning to raise these standards once again. Nonetheless, education has in addition lost its honor code. Mark Clayton calls attention to how cheating is becoming unbelievably common among students throughout the United States in his essay, A Whole split up of Cheatin Going on. In fact, it is obvious that American culture is declining fast in ethics, especially in religion, dating, and education. First, religion has often played an important exercise in peoples lives, however its significance continues to decrease in recent decades. Parents do not pass on faith or beliefs onto their children, because most parents do not have faith or beliefs. These parents conceive it would be hypocritical to teach their children about being spiritual, when they are not spiritual themselves. Children often go to their parents with questions regarding matters such as death, life, and God, but westward culture is so secularized that parents can evade or dismiss religious questions without imprint that theyre merely getting themselves off the hook (Brandt 193). In personal credit line wit... ...eginning to realize the need to raise the ethical standards of American culture. Works CitedBrandt, Anthony. Do Kids Need Religion. The Presence of others Voices and Images that Call for Respons e. Ed. Andrea A. Lunsford, John J. Ruszkiewicz. in the raw York St. Martins 2000. 191-198.Clayton, Mark. A Whole Lot of Cheatin Going On. The Presence of others Voices and Images that Call for Response. Ed. Andrea A. Lunsford, John J. Ruszkiewicz. modern York St. Martins 2000. 185-189.News Hour Online. Religion in America. 2 Dec. 2001 http//www.pbs.org/newshour/.Religion-Online. Teen-age sexual activity and Public Morality. 2 Dec. 2001 http//www.religion-online.org/.Shalit, Wendy. The Future of Modesty. The Presence of others Voices and Images that Call for Response. Ed. Andrea A. Lunsford, John J. Ruszkiewicz. New York St. Martins 2000. 214-220.

Charles Cotesworth Pinckney :: essays research papers

Charles Cotesworth Pinckney was born on February 25th, 1746 at Charleston, the eldest son of a politically prominent planter and a remarkable mother who introduced and promoted indigo assimilation in South Carolina. 7 years later, he accompanied his father, who had been appointive colonial agent for South Carolina, to England. As a result, the young Charles enjoyed a European education. Pinckney received tutoring in London, attended several preparatory schools, and went on to Christ Church College, Oxford, where he heard the lectures of the legal authority Sir William Blackstone and gradatory in 1764. Pinckney next pursued legal training at Londons. shopping centre Temple and was accepted for admission into the English bar in 1769. He then spent part of a year touring Europe and analyse chemistry, military science, and botany under leading authorities. Late in 1769, Pinckney sailed habitation and the next year entered practice in South Carolina. His political life history beg an in 1769, when he was elected to the provincial assembly. When South Carolina organized its forces in 1775 to battle the British, Pinckney joined the First South Carolina Regiment as a captain. He soon rose to the rank of colonel and fought in the South in defence of Charleston and in the North at the Battles of Brandywine, PA, and Germantown, PA. When Charleston discharge in 1780, he was taken prisoner and held until 1782. The following year, he was carry out as a brevet brigadier general.Pinckney was one of the leaders at the paperal Convention. Present at all the sessions, he strongly advocated a powerful national government. His proposal that senators should serve without pay was not adopted, notwithstanding he exerted influence in such matters as the power of the Senate to ratify treaties and the compromise that was reached concerning abolition of the international slave trade. After the convention, he defended the Constitution in South Carolina. In 1796, however, he acc epted the post of attend to France, but the revolutionary regime there refused to receive him and he was strained to proceed to the Netherlands. The next year, though, he returned to France when he was appointed to a peculiar(a) mission to restore relations with that country. During the ensuing XYZ affair, refusing to pay a re ward suggested by a French agent to facilitate negotiations, he was verbalise to have replied "No No Not a sixpence"When Pinckney arrived backbone in the United States in 1798, he found the country preparing for war with France.

Case Study of Dell Computer Corporation :: Business Marketing, Case Study, solution

Case Study of Dell data processor CorporationpresentationMichael Dell founded Dell Computer Corporation in 1984 with a impartial vision and business concept that personal computers can be reinforced to order and sold directly to consumers. Michael believed his approach had two advantages (i) by passage distributors and retail dealers eliminated the markups of re cheaters, and (ii) relieve oneselfing to order greatly reduced the costs and risks associated with carrying grand stocks of parts, components and finished goods. Its build-to-order and dole out-direct approach proved appealing to growing numbers of customers in the mid 1990s as global PC sales rosebush to record level. In 1998, it was already the 3rd manufacturer in the join States with a 12% share of PC market place and a just about 6% share worldwide. The beau mondes fastest growing market for the past several quarters was Europe. Even during the Asia economic woes in the earlier(a) 1998, Dells sales in Asia rose 35%. Its sales at the Internet Web site were about $5 one thousand thousand a day and expected to reach $1.5 billion annually by the year-end 1998. Since 1990, Dells stock price had exploded from 23 cents per share to $83 per share in May1998 with a 36,000% increase and was the confidential information performing big company then. Dells principal products include desktop PCs, notebook computers, workstations, and servers. Its products and services were sold in more than one hundred forty countries. The sales of desktop PCs alone accounted for about 65% of Dells total revenues while the rest accounted for about 33%. In early 1988, the company has 16,000 employees.Dells Background and VisionDell Computer was first known as PCs Limited in 1984, selling PC components and PCs under the brand name PCs Limited. Dells strategy was to sell directly to end users by eliminating the retail markup, Dell was able to sell IBM clones at about 40% below an IBM PC price. By 1985, the company w as assembling its own PC designs and had about 40 employees. Sales had reached $33 million by the year ending 1986.Michael Dell sought to castigate the companys business model, add needed production capacity, and build a bigger, deeper management staff and corporate infrastructure while at same time keeping costs low. It first international offices were open(a) in 1987 and was renamed Dell Computer. In 1998, Dell became a public company, brocaded $34.2 million in its first offering of common stock. Michael Dells vision was for Dell Computer to become one of the top trinity PC companies.