Flag Desecration is Freedom of Expression :: Argumentative Persuasive Argument Essays

Flag Desecration is Freedom of ExpressionOur nations sag down is an everlasting symbol of freedom and promise that stands as a testament to our nations power. Most importantly our flag represents the freedom of the individual to express his ideals as they see fit. Therefore when the real essence of Americans freedom is challenged by the flag amendment, that would forbid the desecration of the American flag, a dilemma forms. While flag burning is highly offensive, it is n maven the slight a means of panorama and is protected by the constitution of America. Forbidding an individual from expressing themselves is the opposite of what our flag represents.Even though Flag burning is considered one of the highest displays of hatred toward a country, it is still protected by the first amendment. It is a means of expression. Despite the fact that this sounds a little farfetched, flag desecration is beneath the same category as art, or literatureexpression. When an individual feels dissat isfaction towards his country, depending on the individual, they may write a political satire, draw a political cartoon, or burn the flag. It is all relevant to the level of dissatisfaction of the individual. Flag burning cannot be thought of outside of the spectrum of expression.In some cases flag burning is not evening taken seriously by those involved in the act most cases are considered drunken pranks or merely teenage vandalism. In the entire annals of the United States there have been less than two hundred reported cases of flag desecration. In addition to the fact that there is a lack of flag burning in total, flag desecration is on the declineIn 1996 there were 31 reported cases, in 2002 11 cases, in 2003 six cases, and this social class so far there has been only one case. The U.S. Supreme Court, the highest court in the judicial system, ruled that the government may not prohibit the expression of an idea simply because society finds the idea offensive Supporting this am endment debases the ideals of our founding fathers.

Partial Birth Abortion Act November 5, 2003 :: Government Politics Abortion Essays

Partial Birth Abortion crop November 5, 2003On November 5, 2003 chairperson Bush placed a national ban on partial take over abortions. This was an act that many felt was outdated. The same proposal was brought upon President Clinton in 1995, but he vetoed it saying it was a birth mothers right-hand(a) to choose the fate of her unborn babe. A partial birth abortion is the process of removing a fetus from the mother just prior to its birth. This procedure is not painless for the mother, or the fetus. The actual procedure involves removing the child limb by limb from the womb. After the initial limb removal, scissors are forced into the childs skull and a suction tube is inserted to remove the brains of the child. President Bushs press secretary, Hatsuhisa Takashima, wrote this linguistic process. The author utilizes the problem/solution argument structure and the rhetorical appeals within his speech.The problem/solution that is apparent in the text of this speech is obvio us from the very beginning. The President says, that the American government has looked away from this violence, but straight the government has confronted the violence and come to the defense of the innocent child. The partial birth abortion was once seen as a medically necessary procedure, but the President points out it is, not only cruel to the child, but harmful to the mother, and a violation of medical ethics. The elected branches of government have worked together to prevent this pattern as a means of a solution to the partial birth abortion situation in this country. The signing of the Partial Birth Abortion Act of 2003 shows a major solution by not allowing the problem to continue.In addition to the problem/solution argument structure this speech has ethos mixed in it also. Hatsuhisa Takashima, the author of this speech, held many high titles in his years working in Japan. Just before being appointed to be the Press Secretary of the unite States of America he was the General of Administration and Broadcasting Corporation in Hong Kong. Before being appointed to that title he was the Director of United Nations culture Center in Tokyo. He has been involved in a journalism career for most of his life and his writings have been well acclaimed. In the speech he says many facts that lead one to believe that the banning of partial birth abortions is the best solution to the problem.

Structure in Oedipus Rex Essay -- Oedipus the King Oedipus Rex

Structure in Oedipus Rex M. H. Abrams says that almost all literary theorists since Aristotle have accentuate the importance of structure, conceived in diverse ways, in analyzing a work of literature (300). The matter of the structure of Sophocles Oedipus Rex is a subject of varying interpretation among literary critics, as this essay will reveal. In A with child(p) Translators Reflections on Oedipus the King, Gilbert Murray, professor at Oxford University in England, cites structure as peerless of the reasons why he chose Oedipus Rex as a work of translation On the whole, I can only say that the work of translation has made me finger even more strongly than before the extraordinary grip and reality of the dialogue, the deftness of the construction, and . . . the unbroken crescendo of tragedy from the opening to the close (105). . . . But Sophocles worked by blurring his structural outlines just as he blurs the ends of his verses. In him the traditional divisions are all ma de less distinct, all worked over the direction of greater naturalness. . . .This was a very great gain. . . .(107) Murrays appreciation of the crescendo of tragedy in Oedipus Rex is echoed in the sentiments of another critic In Oedipus Tyrannus Tragic Heroism and the Limits of Knowledge, Charles Segal says that the booster dose fares well in the first series of tests, but declines towards his catastrophe in the second series The first three tests are, respectively, Oedipus meetings with Creon, Teiresias, and then Creon again. In each plate he is pursuing the killer as someone whom he assumes is other than himself. . . . The second series begins with Jocasta and continues with the Corinthian messeng... ...Terms, 7th ed. New York Harcourt Brace College Publishers, 1999. Murray, Gilbert. A Great Translators Reflections on Oedipus the King. In Readings on Sophocles, redact by Don Nardo. San Diego, CA Greenhaven Press, 1997. Owen, E. T. Drama in Sophocles Oedipus Tyrannus. In Tw entieth Century Interpretations of Oedipus Rex, edited by Michael J. OBrien. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1968. Segal, Charles. Oedipus Tyrannus Tragic Heroism and the Limits of Knowledge. New York Twayne Publishers, 1993. Sophocles. Oedipus Rex. Transl. by F. Storr. no pag. http//etext.lib.virginia.edu/etcbin/browse-mixed new?tag=public&images=images/modeng&data=/texts/english/modeng/parsed& cancel=0&id=SopOedi Van Nortwick, Thomas. Oedipus The Meaning of a Masculine Life. Norman, OK University of Oklahoma Press, 1998.

The Importance of Education Essay -- Personal Narratives Education Sch

The Importance of Education Come on sweetie, you can do it These words claim constantly been spoken to me ever since I was a child, and by my parents enforcing these words towards me they inspired me to achieve all that I am able too. In the Mexican culture there are many of us who yearn to learn newfound things yet there are many of our people who instead of lending a helping hand they thrust each other downward. With this key fact in mind I push myself to become an educated individual with a degree so that I can prove to myself that if you want it you will arse about it. My family has always been very keen on education. One of my childishness memories is that of my father telling us The only great inheritance I can leave you with is that of your education, because nobody can take that what you have learned out from you. My mother also told us that if there came a day in which we had to leave our husbands for any type of abuse we would not be empty-handed since we co uld be able to support our self as well as our families. With my parents always asking me how was school today, or attending all (well not all) but most(prenominal) PTA meetings they showed me that they care a lot for my future. I wish to make them happy and to know that they did a good job in raising me since education is angiotensin converting enzyme of my top priorities. Another top priority that I believe influences me is to read, from books about magic sorcerers to Biology or chem. Textbooks, (Who knew right?) I love to explore new things and meet different people. Reading is the key element (I believe) of wisdom since it opens new boundaries to ones mind. I remember in 5th grade the new accelerated ratifier program was barely starting and the excitement of it was breathtaking. ( not really but i... ...assignments were this past year. My senior year my teacher was named Joanna Schmidt, she inspired us too compose many different literature works. We read many Shakespea rean works as well as books by Alice Walker, some of the amazing stories we were contained satire and we were asked to trace it in the different books. Gullivers Travels, Brave New World, and the movie Gatttica, were mainly written with satire. This was interesting to me because we had to really use our brains and analyze what the author was trying to get across to us as the reader. Now that I am in college I look forward to learning new things and I am dexterous that I have made in this far with an extreme amount of hard work yet my race is not over. I wish to land more inspirations to my list so that when I am older my children can look up to me for the enjoyment of learning I provide them with.

The Ice Storm Book Vs. Movie C Essay -- essays research papers

There are many ways to tell a story. Back before on that point were books there as the actual storyteller who could speak out a story. There is also acting where people physic eachy perform a story. Books are other storytelling device that is more than permanent, the words are kept and they can be reviewed again and again. Now there are movies, which provide story telling with more an emphasis on visual effects. The question is which way is the best to present a certain type of story. The Ice coerce by Rick dreary was in such a position that one could actually look at both the modern movie and the book version.The story is a realistic story about the Hoods and the Willams. Both of these families were affluent families that lived in New Canaan. The book centers around Wendy and the events that take jell during the their thanksgiving in the 70s. The story is pretty unbiased and is about family strife. Wendy is a typical adolescent exploring her sexuality. At the kindred peri od her parents, Ben and Elena are having marital differences. Ben is cheating on his wife with Janey, the wife of his close wiz Jim. The irony comes up with Wendy who is has sexual relations with Janey and Jims son Mikey and his younger brother Sandy. Wendys older brother Paul who goes to boarding school returns home and is sexual uninitiate he desires to be with a girl named Libbets. The story centers around a key party that both the Hoods and Willams attend. The highlight of the key party is where people place their keys into a jar and people pick up the keys of different people to behave sex with the owner of the keys. At this party Ben expects to have sex with Janey, scarcely instead Janey blows him off and has sex with someone else. This night Elena also finds out about the affair and has an affair with Jim, Janeys wife. Now while both of the parents are absent Mikey wants to see Wendy, but instead Wendy fools around with Sandy. Mikey ends up wandering during the ice storm to get electrocuted by a live wire. At the same time Paul is with Libbets drinking and taking drugs. All of this is happening simultaneously on one fortuitous night. Though the events and a lot of the dialogue are the same in both the book and the movie the crux of the two are completely different. The book focuses a lot more on sexual tensity and sexual exploration. The... ...modems (3). Its much longer than that, but the jist of it captures the period of the sixties, which is a completely different time period with different morals and different problems. The movie should have started with Paul on the train and going through that speech, it was really well written.The book and the movie are two different things both are unique in their own way. The book captures the period of adolescence and the sexual tension extremely well. It also captures the time period of the seventies well too. The movie has really grave acting and the emotion of a family. Its realistic and the dialogu e seems typical of an average family, which is what the movie is trying to portray. The movie and the book are two perspectives looking at the same story. Its impossible to judge which is better, but instead respect them both for their merit. The story behind both the book and movie is excellent. What makes it extraordinarily good is that all characters seem so real. Moody did a stellar job of humanizing the characters. This makes the story behind the book and movie so easy to relate to. The Ice Storm in any form of media is time well spent.

The Ice Storm Book Vs. Movie C Essay -- essays research papers

There are many ways to tell a yarn. Back beforehand there were books there as the actual droolteller who could speak out a spirit level. There is also acting where people physically perform a story. Books are another storytelling device that is more permanent, the words are kept and they can be reviewed again and again. Now there are moving-picture shows, which provide story telling with more an emphasis on visual effects. The question is which way is the best to present a certain type of story. The Ice Storm by Rick Moody was in such a position that one could actually look at twain the modern movie and the book version.The story is a realistic story about the Hoods and the Willams. Both of these families were affluent families that lived in New Canaan. The book centers around Wendy and the events that take place during the their thanksgiving in the 70s. The story is pretty simple and is about family strife. Wendy is a typical adolescent exploring her sexuality. At the same ti me her parents, Ben and Elena are having marital differences. Ben is cheating on his wife with Janey, the wife of his close friend Jim. The irony comes up with Wendy who is has sexual relations with Janey and Jims son Mikey and his younger brother Sandy. Wendys older brother Paul who goes to boarding school returns kinsperson and is sexual inexperienced he desires to be with a girl named Libbets. The story centers around a key political party that both the Hoods and Willams attend. The highlight of the key party is where people place their keys into a jar and people pick up the keys of dissimilar people to down sex with the owner of the keys. At this party Ben expects to have sex with Janey, but instead Janey blows him off and has sex with someone else. This night Elena also finds out about the affair and has an affair with Jim, Janeys wife. Now while both of the parents are away Mikey wants to see Wendy, but instead Wendy fools around with Sandy. Mikey ends up wandering during the ice storm to get electrocuted by a live wire. At the same time Paul is with Libbets drinking and taking drugs. All of this is happening simultaneously on one fortuitous night. Though the events and a lot of the communion are the same in both the book and the movie the crux of the two are completely different. The book focuses a lot more on sexual tension and sexual exploration. The... ...modems (3). Its much longer than that, but the jist of it captures the period of the sixties, which is a completely different time period with different morals and different problems. The movie should have started with Paul on the train and going through that speech, it was really well written.The book and the movie are two different things both are remarkable in their own way. The book captures the period of adolescence and the sexual tension extremely well. It also captures the time period of the seventies well too. The movie has really good acting and the emotion of a family. Its realisti c and the dialogue seems typical of an average family, which is what the movie is trying to portray. The movie and the book are two perspectives looking at the same story. Its impossible to judge which is better, but instead respect them both for their merit. The story behind both the book and movie is excellent. What makes it extraordinarily good is that all characters seem so real. Moody did a stellar job of humanizing the characters. This makes the story behind the book and movie so easy to hit to. The Ice Storm in any form of media is time well spent.

Motorcycle helmet law essay Essay

clams Motorcycle helmet lawHello, I am here today to talk to you about the Michigan Motorcycle Helmet Law. -This law permits anyone that is 21 years of age or older that has at least 20,000 dollars in heath insurance and has passed a safety menstruate in the past 2 years to ride a motorcycle without a helmet. I am also here to persuade you that this law doesnt swallow a persons safety as the top priority. Just recently I have witnessed a motorcycle come down slide by right before my eyes.My stepm opposite was taking a change state at only 30 mph when she locked up her breaks and crashed over the handle bars. She has been in the hospital for a little over two weeks and it is a miracle that she is in the condition that she is in, recovering from a skull fracture and bruising on the brain, She has been riding for twelve years, no other vehicles were involved, and she was wear offing a helmet, if she was not wearing her helmet, I know that we wouldnt have her with us anymore.We we re hoping she would be home for the forth of July, but the medical rung still havent given us a go home date as of today. Studies from the National Highway administration in 2008 showed that motorcyclists who do not use helmets are three ages more likely to suffer a disturbing brain injury in a crash than those who are wearing helmets. The regulations to this law are also very insufficient. 21 years of age is when adults are just allowed to start drinking.Many people that turn 21 havent quite learned yet how to handle alcohol or how much is too much when it comes to drinking and driving, or in this case drinking and riding. Also 20,000 dollars worth of health insurance is not nearly enough to cover medical bills caused by accidents with a helmet, let simply to be able to cover the costs of the injuries sustained without a helmet, I cant help but think this is going to raise everyones insurance premiums eventually.Even if you still think not wearing a helmet is cool, take a minute to think of this, the only way for over worked understaffed police have to check if you have the proper health insurance coverage is to pull you over, this gives the police probable cause, which in turn takes up your time and the cops time. With this law in effect, death rates and injury rates have skyrocketed up to a new high. The Michigan helmet law is more about freedom than about safety. If you want to feel the wind in your hair stand in front of a fan.If you want to get home safe wear a helmet. All in all the Michigan Motorcycle Helmet Law has caused far more bad than good. In the end, I hope that what I have told you today will persuade you to tell a friend, family member, stranger, or even to tell yourself that it is far safer to wear a helmet, than it is to go without one.Please think double before you decide to ride without a helmet. Guarino, M. (2012, April 13). Retrieved from http//www. csmonitor. com/USA/Politics/2012/0413/Look-ma-no-helmet -Michigan-repeals-helmet-law .

AQA AS Philosophy Reason and Experience Key Points Essay

There argon different types of experience acquaintance, ability and propositional companionship. Theories of knowledge discussed here argon about propositional knowledge. fellowship is not the same as belief. Beliefs crowd out be mistaken, further no-one atomic number 50 know what is false. Knowledge is not the same as true belief, either. True beliefs whitethorn not be justified, but can be believed without evidence. To be knowledge, a belief must be justified. Rationalism claims that we can moderate synthetic a priori knowledge of how things ar outside the legal opinion. Empiricism denies this.It claims that both a priori knowledge is only of analytic propositions. Do totally ideas derive from sense experience? Locke argues that the mind at birth is a tabula rasa there are no unlearned ideas, which Locke defines as ideas present in the mind from birth. Locke argues that there is no truth that everyone, including idiots and children, assents to so no truth is innate. Rationalists define innate ideas as ideas (concepts or propositions) whose content cant be gained from experience, but which are triggered by experience.Locke and Hume argue that all concepts are derived from sense experience, from impressions of unity or reflection. They claim that simple concepts are copies of impressions complex concepts are created out of simple concepts by combining and abstracting them. One furrow for innate concepts is to challenge the empiricist to show how a particular complex or abstract concepts, for example, a physical quarry, is supposed to be derived from experience. If it cannot be, and it is used by children, and so this is a reason to think it is innate.Are all claims about what exists ultimately grounded in and justified by sense experience? Hume argues that all a priori knowledge is of relations of ideas, and so analytic. All knowledge of synthetic propositions, matters of fact, is a posteriori. It depends either on present experience or causa l inference, which relies on past experience. Our knowledge of matters of fact that relies on induction can only be probably never proven. Some rationalists, for example, Descartes, try to show that we can use a priori information and deductive argument to demonstrate what exists.The core of the idea of rational intuition is that you can see the truth of a claim just by opinion about it. Descartes argues that sense experience on its own cannot establish what exists how can we know that all sense experience is not a deception work by an evil demon? He argues that he cannot doubt his own existence, and that the mind can exist without the body. Descartes argues for the existence of the physical world by beginning arguing for the existence of God. From God not being a deceiver, it follow that our sense experience in general cant be on the whole mistaken so they physical world exists.Conceptual schemes and their philosophical implications Thinkers who defend the idea of abstract schemes often argue that there are two differentiable elements to our experience the data of the sense, and then the interpretation of these data by a set of concepts. Some argue that human beings have formulated different conceptual scheme which are not translatable into each other. From the same sense experience, they form different views of the world. Because we must use concepts to formulate truths, we can argue that truths are relative to conceptual schemes.Or more accurately, almost truths can only be stated in certain conceptual schemes and not others, and there is no one conceptual scheme which we can use to state all truths. Do all ideas derive from sense experience? II One expostulation to the empiricist theory of the origin of concepts is that there are some complex concepts, for example, knowledge and beauty that cannot be analysed in terms of simpler concepts. A second objection is that some simple ideas, for example, a particular shade of blue, dont have to be deri ved from sense impressions.Empiricists can respond in two ways all ideas could be derived from sense experience or some ideas are exceptions to the rule that all ideas are derived from sense experience, but these exceptions are derived from ideas that are derived from sense experience. some other objection is that it is not potential to derive both concepts from experience, because in order to form concepts, we must make judgements of similarity and difference to classify experiences. But we can only make these judgements if we already have the concepts.Defenders of innate ideas maintain that we innately have very specific capacities for forming particular ideas, and these ideas count as innate. Suggestions for the origin of innate ideas include evolution, God, and a previous existence. Are all claims about what exists ultimately grounded in and justified by sense experience? II Rationalists claim that we have synthetic a priori knowledge either innately or through rational intuit ion Plato argues that many particular objects can have the same property, for example, beauty.These properties can exist independently of the particular objects, as shown by the fact that is we destroy all beautiful things, we havent destroyed beauty. These properties are instances of the Forms. Plato argues that innate concepts are our knowledge of the Forms, from a previous existence. Unless we had such innate memories, we wouldnt be able to classify experience using concepts. Descartes argues that he cannot doubt his existence. We can object that he cannot know he exists only that thoughts exist. Descartes also argues that the mind can exist without the body.We can object that just because he can conceive that this is affirmable doesnt show that this is possible. Both these arguments and the objections use a priori reasoning. Hume objects that a priori reasoning can only establish analytic truths. Nietzsche argues that reasoning is not, in fact, something independent that reveal s the truth, but is grounded on assumptions about value. Metaphysical theories are the result of attempts to defend a particular way of understanding the world, one that rests on the false assumption that best and bad are opposites.The verification principle claims that a statement only has meaning if it is either analytic or empirically verifiable. However, the principle itself is neither analytic nor empirically verifiable. Rationalists argue that mathematics is an example of synthetic a priori knowledge. Empiricists argue that mathematics is analytic. Is certainty confined to introspection and the tautological? Descartes argues that what we can doubt is not certain enough to be knowledge.However, we can argue that certainty and justification are not the same thing, and that while knowledge takes to be justified, we need an argument to show that it must be certain. Certainty can refer to a subjective feeling, to a proposition being necessarily true or to the impossibility of dou bting a proposition. Empiricists claim that analytic truth is the only kind of necessary truth. Rationalists argue that there are synthetic a priori truths that are also necessary. A necessary truth is certain.Claims about mental state, based on introspection, may also be certain for the person whose mental states they are. Whether any other claims are certain depend on whether there are necessary synthetic a priori truths. Conceptual schemes and their philosophical implications II Kant argues that experience is of objects, and asks how it is possible for experience to be intelligible in this way, not a confused buzz. He answers that what makes experience possible are certain concepts, which he calls categories. These categories together converse the pure thought of an object.One such category is causality. This enables us to distinguish the temporal order of our perceptions from the temporal order of objects. Kant argues that to talk of concepts interpreting sensation is misleadin g. Our sensory experience is always already conceptualised as experience of objects. Two implications of Kants theory are that the structure of the everyday world of objects is defined by our a priori concepts and that we cannot know anything about how reality is completely independent of how we think of it.

A Wallet Found

On December 20, 2008, I woke up with a well-provided disposition as I thought about the fast approaching Christmas Eve. I was very excited about it as this is a time when the self-coloured family gathers and relatives from all over the state visit and stay for the night.This year, the venue is our home which makes the event more exciting. On this morning, the whole family went together to the Sunday Church good as was our custom. My parents, being devoted Christians, always attend Church on Sundays and have instilled to us, their children, the same habit.We had a pleasant time at the service as the pastor was very eloquent in his sermon and touched on matters that were important and significant today. After the service, my parents and I parted ways as they went on to our house while I was tasked to do grocery shopping for the Christmas Eve celebration at our home. Since the grocery was a just a few blocks away, I opted to walk and savor the fresh air.As I neared the grocery store, I stopped to tie the laces of my rubber shoes. While knotting it back, I noticed a small handbag off to the side of the pavement, partially covered by a bin of garbage. I was surprised and I started to pick up the small brown wallet. I contemplated on whether to open the wallet or just give it to some security officer insider the grocery store. I then proceeded inside the grocery still my curiosity got the better of me so I entered the washroom and sat inside one of the vacant cubicles. I started to open the wallet and look inside.Inside the wallet, my eyes got huge as I found approximately 2,914 dollars in cash. My first thought was Whoa. This is a lot of money and for a moment, I just stood there dumbstruck and at a loss as to what action to take. I then found five credit cards inside the wallet will the pin number of separately credit card written on a piece of sticky paper and attached at the back of the card. After a few seconds, I will be honest in saying that my mind star ted to run down on how I could use the money the things I could buy and such. simply then I stopped myself and started to delve inside the wallet to look for any identification cards.

Be able to prepare to provide support for eating and drinking Essay

Identify the level and type of support an exclusive requires when eating and drinkingI should always breach the man-to-mans care plan to establish the level of support required by the single when eating and drinking. I should also ask colleagues, the individuals family, friends and the individual if they would like help and how they would like me to help. I must ensure Im not imposing a level of support which suits me or my scheme rather than the individual. I should provide the minimum of support possible in order for the task to be accomplished regardless of how long this will stool or the mess the individual whitethorn make.I may need to support individuals to prepare for meal time with things such as protective clothing. I should check if they need support with positioning to ensure they are comfortable whilst eating and drinking. It may be that the individual is able to feed themselves, if provided with the correct equipment to do so. By providing the individual with the correct equipment Im providing active support and ensuring that Im supporting them in a way that helps the individual make their independence There is specially adapted cutlery available for individuals who may have arthritic fingers, where they are not able to grip conventional cutlery. An individual suffering with dementia may need to be prompted to eat at regular intervals. The individual may be sight impaired making it sticky to eat independently. An individual suffering with dysphagia and have difficulty swallowing. They would require their food to be pureed or may need to be fed via P.E.G. tube. Some individuals may need to be fed if they do not have the use of their hands. There are many different levels and types of support depending on the individuals circumstances.Demonstrate rough-and-ready hand-washing and use of protective clothing when handling food and drinkSupport the individual to prepare to eat and drink, in a way that meetstheir personal ineluctably and prefer encesThe individual may require protective coverings such as an apron to protect their clothing from stains from dropped food or drink and napkins to wipe themselves if necessary.I should provide individuals with the opportunity to use the toilet and wash their hands prior to their meal. An important aid to eating is an individuals dentures. They should be available and also well fitting. They may have religious activities they wish to carry out prior to their meal such as praying, washing themselves or giving thanks.Provide suitable utensils to help oneself the individual to eat and drink.Ordinary cutlery can be too heavy to hold or too difficult to grip for some individuals and curiously those with arthritic hands. There is a wide range of specialist cutlery available to allow individuals to remain as independent as possible and have intercourse eating and drinking with minimal assistance. Some of which is listed belowTypes of utensilPurposeAngled cutleryFor some people who fi nds it difficult to bring a fall apart or spoon at right angles to the mouthEasy grip handled spoon and forkFor an individual who finds it difficult to grip cutlery.Plate guardIf an individual is likely to shuffle food off the plate, the plate guard would stop food from escapingMelamine cups, plates and bowls, two handled drinking cups with a flexible plastic stem To avoid breakages if an individual is prone to dropping thingsFor people with hand tremorsCups with a spoutVery efficient if I need to avoid spillagesSpecial plates with live water compartment at the baseFeeding cupNon slip tray with handleGadget to remove lids from jars/bottlesTo keep food warm while individuals eat their food, effectual if they normally take long to eat. This will reduce the rate at which the food gets cold.Avoids spills liquid at the bottom is drank first so ensure no tea leaves.For those with use of only one arm, to carry several items at onceAids individuals with weak hands

Balanced Scorecard Development

Abstract The balance posting was introduced in 1992 as a functioning measurement shit and has bourgeoned today to form a strategic trouble system. This paper uses eight articles, identified in Figure 1 along with extra materials to trace and analyse developments in the fancy and implementation. The paper shows examples of the scorecard in practice and concludes that developments have been beneficial overall. It also highlights problems encountered along the way and further theatre of operationss for progression.For years managers have used financial measures to monitor procedure muchover a study carried out in 1990 led to the development of the first generation balanced scorecard (BSC) a strategic planning and management system. By including financial and operational measures,it solved the issue that managers were beginning to reject financial measures during the 1980s and 1990s (Letza, 1996). The BSC originated analysing four perspectives customer, internal, learning a nd financial,with concentrate on driven by four questions shown in Figure 2.The BSC encouraged managers to focalization on few critical measures to prevent complexity and nurture overload, however ensured some(prenominal) regions were looked at simultaneously as organisations became more than complex (Kaplan & Norton, 1992). Choice around the measures allows adaptability and flexibility when using the model. This is vital in order to keep up with globular competition and the ever changing environment. Companies must acknowledge this flexibility and as their dodge changes, so must the measures to stay in line with overall aims. The knowledgeability of the BSC coincided with the recession in the 1980s and 1990s.Therefore companies will have been more enthusiastic about performance measurement and seen this as a good way to track progress towards strategy, growth and profit. Today, 20 years on, the core perspectives have stayed with the individual measures organism adapted and perspectives added depending on the phoners strategic goals. The BSC has evolved from a performance measurement tool enforced by few, to a strategic management tool used worldwide with the main developments being driven primarily by observed weaknesses in the design process rather than in the architecture of the original idea (Cobbold&Lawrie, 2002). monetary measures were satisfactory for the industrial era however adapting to change in skills and competencies allowed the scorecard to produce richer and more relevant information about activities they are managing than is provided by financial measures alone (Cobbold&Lawrie, 2002). No individual measure produces adequate information to plan. When planning a journey, the objective is to get from one point to another with lots of dials producing information on the likelihood of succeeding. The fuel gage alone doesnt treated the scene however collectively the measures allow a judgements and decisions to be made.For example, to affix the likelihood of success you may add more oil or fuel. In business with the objective to boost sales you may increase flavor and therefore sales. Introducing operational measures to performance measurement, allows these factors be monitored as the drivers of future financial performance. As the number of measures is limited, companies must come upon the factors that are key performance drivers in order to achieve successful implementation. With the first generation scorecard, very little was cognize about the implementation of the BSC.This meant companies were not gaining the full consummations of improved performance. What you measure is what you get (Kaplan Norton, 1992). Therefore if you measure things that have no influence, directly or indirectly to profitability and growth then it will be impossible to improve. Hence the measures must be in line with a companys strategic objectives. Kaplan and Nortonintroduced the four processes for managing strategy shown in Figure 3 to emphasise the need for the BSC to be linked to strategy, but there was no clarity to the importance and effect of this.Many would have good measures in place such as customer satisfaction but would not analyse this further to improve profitability, therefore a wasted opportunity as there was no real vision of making it happen. The design however, was taken on successfully by many companies as it brought everything together in one clear report. Words were kept minimal and visual aids were used to represent and explain measures. This proved effective as few words paint huge pictures, and people are designed to accept pictures and often remember these better.The BSC also looks at the whole organisation as opposed to separate departments therefore bringing all silos together. Many organisations have individual cultures within each silo and therefore departments are often driven towards targets at departmental take as opposed to overall corporate objectives. Therefore it is crucial tha t all measures are monitored to ensure that the targets are met through the right objectives, and not at the expense of another. For example the production department may increase productivity leading to more sales and potentially higher profits however the quality may slack causing customer satisfaction to fall.This could cause reputational damage leading customers to go to competitors who offer higher quality. The flash generation scorecard expanded on this highlighting filtering and clustering as areas of concern. This took the BSC from the measurement system to an integrated management system while still focussing on strategy and performance drivers. Often this involved relating measures to key performance indicators. The second generation scorecard introduced strategic objectives and developed causality further.This development addressed the issue of an softness to link a companys long-term strategy with its short term actions (Kaplan Norton, 1996). Adding phrases to the fou r perspectivesallowed companies to select measures around their strategic vision. This selection method provided more thoroughness and made implementation clearer and more defined. Causality was allow ind in the first generation scorecard with the four statements shown in Figure 4 but the second generation developed this by indicating relationships between the measures across the perspectives shown in Figure 5 as opposed to unsloped vague links between the perspectives.This change magnitude the urge to prove links (Kaplan Norton, 1996). This could have been bad for companies as employees may have tried to link movements in the performance measures that werent related trying to show one as the causation of one another simply to reach targets. This would be more common when financial rewards were linked to performance. Even with this is mind, the gene linkage model became an important part of the BSC design. Introduction of software reporting systems improved managers ability to react with fast diagnosis and quick interventions when problems occurred.The early software provided by ATT, and later by companies including IBM used email and diary programs to fasten this process. Software caused confusion as many believed it would enable design and implementation of the BSC. However, it is performance management software to use after implementation to ensure performance information gets to the right people at the right time ( offsetd Scorecard Institute, 2013). As it allowed info to be stored, objectives could be allocated to owners and measures to objectives allowing managers to make historical comparisons to measure performance accurately over time.It also helped communicate the information effectively and enforced more control and organisation. Some packages allow performance to be measured and tracked at departmental train, project level or the organisation as a whole. This barely feats if there is strategic alignment throughout the hierarchy. Organisati ons can then narrow down the specific areas that are underperforming in order to increase focus to improve or divest that part. Although the software has many benefits some find it difficult to adapt to the needs of a growing and dynamic company (IBM, 2013).Hence, many prefer to use self-developed software however it sometimes lacks required functions and solutions to the cause and effect as the specia joust skills are not there to develop the program. Difficulties still arose in selecting relevant measures and target setting due to conflicting thoughts amongst management. There was also difficulty communicating the linkage model to lower level staff if they did not already have knowledge of the model. This could cause problems when trying to motivate teams as there will be different interpretations of aims and targets therefore employees work towards different goals.The late 1990s saw the third generation and the development of the finale statement (Figure 6) in order to achieve clarification through checking the measures, objectives and targets selected. The destination statement is a form of what if analysis that brought the tool closer to company strategy, its management and implementation. By estimating quantified amounts of consequences and achievementsfor a set future period companies could easily equal actual achievements to targets and benchmark against others externally, in the case it was to stick with objectives from the linkage model.For example the destination statement would predict a rate of customer satisfaction for 3 years that you could check back against annually. This will identify under achievements, perhaps where you can enhance quality to boost satisfaction and over achievements where you can identify what successful policies to keep. charge teams could easily relate to the statement to communicate down the hierarchy in order to gain a single interpretation, as it did not include looking at complex strategic objectives. Therefore a r eversal of design as it was seen as an early stage in the process, as opposed to the final,making selection of measures and ausality easier. Companies have proven success without financial measures. Svenska Handelsbanken, while not disclosing use of the BSC have gone over thirty years with no budgets, no absolute targets, and no fixed plans but with specific performance measures in place (Daum, 2001). More recently, in 2003 a new CEO adopt the BSC for Lloyds TSB in order to show employees how their actions impact their colleagues and customers and how this, in turn, translates into our overall performance (Lloyds TSB, 2013). This linked objectives of 80,000 employees, emphasizing the advantage of aligning the whole organisation.By involving employees at every level in some aspect of the process generates acceptance of and commitment to the concept (Ward, 2005). Implementation proved successful to drive the company towards growth and away from being sales and cost driven, which had caused them to lose their strong market position. The cause and effect chain of events was critical for them to see that would drive the revenue up as opposed to just a target of increased sales (Ward, 2005). As Lloyds are large and have overseas staff they could have faced technical and strategic challenges including heathen conflict and difficulties selecting measures.Companies with a diverse workforce should ensure they measure things that can be influenced and changed by employees. Lloyds also highlighted the point that implementation takes time and resources to ensure thoroughness. A tight deadline imposed danger of completing the task while missing the goal (Ward, 2005). They recognized the importance employees understanding the concept before implementation so brought in a BSC specialist, who had worked closely with Kaplan and Norton to run seminars and lectures in order to reduce this danger.Not only do employees need to understand the concept and accept the process they sh ould include feedback including how many employees see it as motivational and effective. If employees do not enjoy what they are doing they will be inclined to only meet targets and not outdo further. The strong focus of the scorecard encourages companies to focus on what they really need to measure as opposed to what is easy to measure resulting in all decisions being made around the strategy. The BSC changed the way people looked at performance measurement. Previously it was seen as a method to ontrol employees but the tool encourages targets in order for employees to work towards. The idea was that employees would adapt their behaviour accordingly to reach goals thence giving them more freedom, motivation and involvement in the process. However, some may argue that the focus has shifted too far towards operational matters that there is not financial involvement. Adaptability should allow those companies to change to their needs. The BSC will vary for each company depending on h ow dynamic the industry is and what the individual aims and strategy include.Lloyds TSB added a fifth perspective as they felt it was a key driver to the companys strategic direction. Although there are BSC failures, the advances in the design have allowed more successful implementations over the years. There is now more knowledge and literature available because more companies have adopted this management tool but more importantly there are significant successes documented for teams to learn from. With corporate social responsibility being so highly regarded today due to greater awareness and regulation, modern scorecards have seen a fifth sub-perspective introduced environment/external.This shows the broader impact on society than is indicated through the customer perspective hence giving more in-depth analysis. As long as the process is carefully planned, communicated and regularly monitored it should prove successful however there is always room for improvement with the uncert ainty in the ever changing environment. The scorecard, instead of providing single destination outcomes could include risk and probabilities related to various possible outcomes.In conclusion, the economic environment is only going to become more dynamic but the last twenty years has proven that continuous developments should ensure the BSC is kept up to date in order to stay a useful management tool. Figure 1 Main Articles Used Author Title Daum. J Beyond Budgeting A assume for Performance Management and lordly in the 21st Century? Cobbold. I Lawrie. G The Development of the match Scorecard as a Strategic Management tool Kaplan. R Norton. D The balanced scorecard measures that drive performance Kaplan. R Norton.D Transforming the Balanced Scorecard from Performance Measurement to Strategic Management come out 1 Kaplan. R Norton. D Using the balanced scorecard as a strategic management system Letza. S The design and implementation of the balanced business scorecard Schnei derman. A Why Balanced Scorecards Fail Ward. A Implementing the Balanced Scorecard at Lloyds TSB * Full references for the articles are shown in the reference list at the end of this paper* Figure 2 Four Perspectives for Balanced Scorecard Perspective Why? Customer To achieve our vision, how should we appear to our customers? Internal argumentation Process To satisfy our shareholders and customers, what business processes must we excel at? Learning and Growth To achieve our vision, how will we sustain our ability to change and improve? Financial To succeed financially, how should we appear to our shareholders? Figure 3 The Balanced Scorecard Process Adapted from Kaplan, R. S. and Norton, D. P. , Using the balanced scorecard as a strategic management system, Harvard art Review, January-February 1996, 75-85. Available from http//scholar. google. co. uk Accessed 23 February 2013Figure 4 First Generation Balanced Scorecard Source Antunes. G et al. , Process improvement measu res in social area organisations A study in institutions for elderly survey results, The TQM Journal. Available from http//www. emeraldinsight. com Accessed 15 February 2013 Figure 5 Second Generation Balanced Scorecard/Linkage model Source Cobbold, I. C. and Lawrie, G. J. G. , 2002. The Development of the Balanced Scorecard as a Strategic Management tool, 2GC Website. Available from http//www. 2gc. co. uk Accessed 19 February 2013 Figure 6 Third Generation Balance Scorecard/Destination StatementAndersen. H. , Effective quality management through third-generation balanced scorecard, International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, Available from http//www. emeraldinsight. com Accessed 21 February 2013 References Andersen. H. , Effective quality management through third-generation balanced scorecard, International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, Available from http//www. emeraldinsight. com Accessed 21 February 2013 Antunes. G et al. , Process improvement measures in social area organisations A study in institutions for elderly survey results, The TQM Journal.Available from http//www. emeraldinsight. com Accessed 15 February 2013 Balanced Scorecard Institue, 2013. The Balanced Scorecard & Technology Strategic Performance Management Automation. U. S. Balanced Scorecard Institute. Available from http//www. bala ncedscorecard. org/software/balancedscorecardsoftware/tabid/61/default. aspx Balanced Scorecard Institue, 2013. What is the Balanced Scorecard. U. S. Balanced Scorecard Institute. Available from http//www. balancedscorecard. org/bscresources/aboutthebalancedscorecard/ tabid/55/default. aspx Cobbold, I. C. and Lawrie, G. J. G. , 2002.The Development of the Balanced Scorecard as a Strategic Management tool, 2GC Website. Available from http//www. 2gc. co. uk Accessed 19 February 2013 Daum, J. H. , Beyond Budgeting A Model for Performance Management and Controlling in the 21st Century? , Controlling & finance, July 2002 . Available from http//scholar. google. co. uk Accessed 4 inch 2013 Drury, C. , 2008. Management and Cost Accounting. 7th Edition. London Cengage Learning. IBM, 2013. Balanced Scorecard Software. U. S. IBM. Available From http//www-01. ibm. com/ software/analytics/cognos/balanced-scorecard-software. tml IBM, 2013. Innovation Center. U. S. IBM. Available From http//www-01. ibm. com/software/ data/cognos/innovation-center/advisors. html Kaplan, R. S. and Norton, D. P. , The balanced scorecard measures that drive performance, Harvard Business Review, January-February 1992, 71-79. Available from http//scholar. google. co. uk Accessed 21 February 2013 Kaplan, R. S. and Norton, D. P. , Transforming the Balanced Scorecard from Performance Measurement to Strategic Management Part 1, American Accounting Association Accounting Horizons, 15 (1), 75-85. Available from http//scholar. google. co. k Accessed 23 February 2013 Kaplan, R. S. and Norton, D. P. , Using the balanced scorecard as a str ategic management system, Harvard Business Review, January-February 1996, 75-85. Available from http//scholar. google. co. uk Accessed 23 February 2013 Letza, S. , 1996. The design and implementation of the balanced business scorecard. Business Process Re-engineering & Mangement Journal, 2(3), 54-76. Available from http//www. emeraldinsight. com Accessed 15 February 2013 Lloyds Banking Group plc, 2009. Annual Report 2008. United farming Lloyds Banking Group plc. Available from http//www. lloydsbankinggroup. om/investors/financial_performance/ company_results. asp2007 Lloyds Banking Group plc, 2013. Performance Management. United Kingdom. Lloyds Banking Group plc. Available from http//www. lloydstsb-annualreport. com/businessreview/our_people/ performance_management/ Schneiderman, A. M. , Why Balanced Scorecards Fail, Journal of Strategic Performance, January 1999, 6-11. Available from http//scholar. google. co. uk Accessed 6 March 2013 Ward, A. , Implementing the Balanced Scorecard at Lloyds TSB, Strategic HR Review, 4 (3), 16-19. Available from http//www. emeraldinsight. com Accessed 28 February 2013

Philosophy of life Essay

The subject matter of life, defined by Victor E. Frankl, is the will to find your nitty-gritty in life. It is non the meaning of life in general, but rather the specific meaning of a individuals life at a given(p) moment. He swears that if you argon approached with the question of what is the meaning of my life or in this case, life is meaningless, then you should reverse the question to that person asking the question. For example What ar you bringing to me? What are you as an individual contributing to this life? This forces the person in question to take a look at themselves and to ultimately be responsible.Frankl says that if you are a responsible member of society than the meaning of life transcends from yourself rather from your own psyche. He similarly says that if we for some reason passelnot find meaning within ourselves it has to be from some outside source. This is referred to as service. And an example of this is love. Victor Frankl describes three ways in which we can discover the meaning of life Creating work-doing a deed, experiencing something-someone, and by the military po moldion we take toward unavoidable suffering.There are several reasons why a person could be feeling that their life is meaningless or has no meaning. fit in to Victor Frankl these reasons could be existential frustration, existential vacuum, and the meaning of suffering. Frankl breaks down the meaning of existential frustration as so, it can be referred to as existence itself ? the specifically mode of being, the meaning of existence, and striving to find concrete meaning in personal existence, which is the will to meaning. Existence itself, in simpler terms is just existing and the hu manhoodity mode itself.The meaning of existence is the question in which we often ask ourselves Why are we here? When we strive to find concrete meaning in personal existence, we are looking for the personal meaning for existence. Basically what Frankl is saying is that when we ar e dealing wit the existential frustration we are looking for given meaning that isnt in that respect. (There is no meaning). On the other hand there is the existential vacuum, which is when you cannot find meaning in your life. Frankl says that the existential vacuum manifests itself mainly in the state of boredom.Its when you feel that you eat no structure in your life, no one telling you what to do, your not learning anything, and basically your not doing anything with your life. Because of this youre going to become a conformist or a totalitarian, which is either doing what everyone else does or doing what people tell you to do. Youre not thinking for yourself. Youre likewise going to become bored. In the state of boredom the person can galvanize to canvass life as meaningless, esp. the person questioning the meaning of their life.They start to question themselves and wonder what their purpose and meaning of their life is. This boredom can be a result of condition called Sun day Neurosis. Sunday Neurosis takes spatial relation when a person has worked hard all week long or for many days on end. (We know this as a result of accent its what drives us and keeps us going. It promotes meaning and gives us goals. It is not the same as stress, because stress is an overabundance of tightness. ) Then a day comes along when you have nothing planned, nothing going on and you dont know what to do with yourself.Therefore boredom results and when there is boredom there is no meaning. And when there is no meaning we fill that emptiness with negative things, like money, power, and pleasure, basically we get into trouble. The meaning of suffering is another reason why a person might be questioning the meaning of their life. Frankl says that one of the basic aspects of logotherapy that mans main concern is not to gain pleasure or to avoid pain, but to see the meaning of his life. This is why man is willing to suffer in order to find a meaning for his life.But he also s ays that suffering is not necessary to find meaning in life. Although suffering is inevitably unavoidable, and if it was it would be meaningful to remove it, because it wouldnt make much sense not to do so. Another aspect about suffering is that it stops being suffering the moment we find meaning in it. Now that possible reasons for why a person may be feeling that their life has no meaning has been addressed, here are some possible solutions that Frankl might suggest. Once the person has discover why their life is meaningless they need to rediscover their meaning that they lost.They could ask themselves a question like, what was I born with and what is the greater meaning in that? Because it is believed that youre born with a meaning that every single person on this Earth is born with a meaning. Life doesnt owe you anything. Basically youre the responsible one for all the stuff you put out into the world during your life. Another thing that he might talk about is what the person d oes everyday. If they arent doing anything with their life he might suggest them getting involved with something to help create tension.Since tension drives us and pushes us to reach our goals, it helps give us meaning. Frankl also sees responsible-ness as the essence of human existence. He says that everyman has a specific, unique job in life that he is too fulfill an that no one else can do this or replace this one person in the same way. As each situation in life represents a challenge to man and presents a problem for him to solve, the question of the meaning of life may actually be reversed. Each man is questioned by life and he can simply answer to life by answering for his own life he can only respond be being responsible. Frankl also says, Live as if were living already for the second time, and as if you had acted the first time as wrongly as you were about to act now If it was me taking this person, sitting them down, later on analyzing what could have caused this sense of unmeaning in their life, I would look at the options of how to find meaning. I agree with Frankl when he talks about meaning as tension and responsibility. I also agree with him when he discusses his views on how everyone is born with meaning and that everyone has a set occupation or vocation on life.I believe that everyone is unique in his or her own way. Therefore why should everyones lives be the same and have the same meaning. They dont. We are born with meaning and we have to find that meaning through our actions and our drive to live life and our interactions with the people and the things around us. Usually when I am presented with material in schoolhouse I tend to form my opinion by looking at both sides if an issue, because there are usually two sides to every story.But by looking at Frankl and examining what he has to say about the meaning of life, suffering, love, frustration, boredom, tension, etc, I have rally gained a lot of knowledge that almost is common sense. If you sit and take the time to read the material through thoroughly you can see exactly where he is coming from. Hell take a grueling situation, such as suffering, and turn it completely around. As far as suffering goes I try to do the same thing, in a way. When ensure Felice died last October it crushed me.But I tried to look at the positive side and say well, his suffering is over and he was here to instill us how to live to be stronger and better people. Through our suffering, over the loss of his life, we ended his suffering. This is kind of what Frankl does, he turns things around and makes you view things from a different perspective. I like his way of thinking because its not always something that I would think of off the top of my head. Overall, I enjoyed the book although it was difficult at propagation to read, but I think I gained knowledge from it and see different ways to look at things now.

Children of Men

Children of work force Children of Men is set in the year of 2027, when the military personnel is in chaos with the multitude of political and complaisant issues including immigration and fascism. The movie could be classified as accomplishment fiction because it consists of two common elements of the genre a futuristic prospect and a dystopian society. There is, however, no advanced technology or kitschy in secureigence. The cities look just like straight off, except they are shabby and inconsolabley. Everything is awash in grim to reinforce the theme of a dystopian society. The gloomy setting makes London look like it did in the 19th century with its criminal world of the time.The discolour palette is stark, favoring grays over other hues. The movie vividly paints a bleak and horrific future that none of us would want to live in. In 2027, the world has become sterile. Britain, where the story is set, has become a somber post with a climate of nationalistic violence. Everyw here there are signs, warnings, and surveillance cameras. Immigrants are organism purged and penned in cages. Heavily armed police fill the streets completely Britain soldiers on. And above altogether, there are no children. No child has been born for eighteen years. The benevolent race has become infertile it is facing the likelihood of its receive extinction. Children of Men offers a possible beginning of the collapse a world with by children. And that collapse does non come through war, famine, or disease, but from the human races infertility. The internet site of the 2027 setting is built around contemporary issues such as immigration and terrorism. The lack of children and the adventure of children are the cause for all the action. The movie, however, is not really touch active the reasons for the situation or how infertility will end the collective human race. Instead, it focuses on the reaction of individuals and societies to the unexpected reproductive crisis.It e xamines how one ray of trust becomes a tool used for governance and power. Children of Men is not really about children it is about human civilization. Science-fiction films concerning dystopian societies commonly use confident and surface skilled heroes, but not Children of Men. Theo Faron is at the center of the conflict between government forces and an organize group of terrorists, the Fishes. Theos rugged appearance and lack of motivation makes him a reluctant hero. In the beginning, Theo is indifferent to the death of eighteen year old Baby Diego. However, his opinion on life hanges when he meets Kee, a pregnant woman. Theo, an ex-activist, accordingly is forced to face his own demons and protect the worlds last remaining hope. Despite his average profession, he becomes Kees protector. This shows that men continue to be the dominant figures in society. Theo represents masculinity, bravery, and courage. Throughout Children of Men, viewers might feel conflicted between th e theory of good and evil as they are challenged which side they should take. At the beginning of the film, the audience sees themselves localise with the government, and thus sees the terrorists as evil.As the film progresses, however, the audience learns that the terrorists in the film are actually fighting for a good cause. When the film continues to be unfolded, the audience finds out that the terrorists want to use the child as a tool to gain power. Julians goal is to friend Kee escape to a safe place of safety lick by a mysterious group called The Human Project. Other Fishes have different ideas, showing Kees baby as a crucial device for their politics ambitions. The Fishes are no longer seen as being good in the audiences view. It would be incomplete not to mention about the give-up the ghost effects of the film.A variety of music follows Theos journey throughout the film. The sounds of traffic, barking dogs, screaming, and exploded bomb all add vital results to the dys topian world depicted in the film. Most remarkable, however, is the sound at the opening and ending of the film. Children of Men begins and ends with darkness, with only sounds heard, but those sounds tell the story. Children of Menhighlights on the same problems society is facing today crises involving racism, terrorism, pollution, and more. It is a dark but vivid story of hope and humanity.Children of MenChildren of Men Children of Men is set in the year of 2027, when the world is in chaos with the multitude of political and social issues including immigration and fascism. The movie could be classified as science fiction because it consists of two common elements of the genre a futuristic setting and a dystopian society. There is, however, no advanced technology or artificial intelligence. The cities look just like today, except they are shabby and grimy. Everything is awash in grim to reinforce the theme of a dystopian society. The gloomy setting makes London look like it did in the 19th century with its criminal world of the time.The color palette is stark, favoring grays over other hues. The movie vividly paints a bleak and horrific future that none of us would want to live in. In 2027, the world has become sterile. Britain, where the story is set, has become a somber place with a climate of nationalistic violence. Everywhere there are signs, warnings, and surveillance cameras. Immigrants are being purged and penned in cages. Heavily armed police fill the streets only Britain soldiers on. And above all, there are no children. No child has been born for eighteen years. The human race has become infertile it is facing the likelihood of its own extinction. Children of Men offers a possible beginning of the collapse a world without children. And that collapse does not come through war, famine, or disease, but from the human races infertility. The situation of the 2027 setting is built around contemporary issues such as immigration and terrorism. The lack of children and the possibility of children are the cause for all the action. The movie, however, is not really concerned about the reasons for the situation or how infertility will end the collective human race. Instead, it focuses on the reaction of individuals and societies to the unexpected reproductive crisis.It examines how one ray of hope becomes a tool used for politics and power. Children of Men is not really about children it is about human civilization. Science-fiction films concerning dystopian societies commonly use confident and well skilled heroes, but not Children of Men. Theo Faron is at the center of the conflict between government forces and an organized group of terrorists, the Fishes. Theos rugged appearance and lack of motivation makes him a reluctant hero. In the beginning, Theo is indifferent to the death of eighteen year old Baby Diego. However, his perspective on life hanges when he meets Kee, a pregnant woman. Theo, an ex-activist, then is forced to face h is own demons and protect the worlds last remaining hope. Despite his average profession, he becomes Kees protector. This shows that men continue to be the dominant figures in society. Theo represents masculinity, bravery, and courage. Throughout Children of Men, viewers might feel conflicted between the theory of good and evil as they are challenged which side they should take. At the beginning of the film, the audience sees themselves identify with the government, and thus sees the terrorists as evil.As the film progresses, however, the audience learns that the terrorists in the film are actually fighting for a good cause. When the film continues to be unfolded, the audience finds out that the terrorists want to use the child as a tool to gain power. Julians goal is to help Kee escape to a safe place of safety run by a mysterious group called The Human Project. Other Fishes have different ideas, viewing Kees baby as a crucial device for their politics ambitions. The Fishes are no longer seen as being good in the audiences view. It would be incomplete not to mention about the sound effects of the film.A variety of music follows Theos journey throughout the film. The sounds of traffic, barking dogs, screaming, and exploded bomb all add vital results to the dystopian world depicted in the film. Most remarkable, however, is the sound at the opening and ending of the film. Children of Men begins and ends with darkness, with only sounds heard, but those sounds tell the story. Children of Menhighlights on the same problems society is facing today crises involving racism, terrorism, pollution, and more. It is a dark but vivid story of hope and humanity.

Capital Account Convertibility Essay

chief city line Convertibility. Should India adopt full convertibility? Capital Account Convertibility-or a floating exchange rate-is a feature of a nations financial regime that centers around the ability to conduct transactions of local anesthetic anaesthetic financial assets into hostile financial assets freely and at market determined exchange rates. It is sometimes referred to as Capital Asset Liberation or CAC. CAC is mostly a guideline to changes of ownership in contrary or domestic financial assets and liabilities.Tangentially, it covers and extends the framework of the creation and liquidation of laims on, or by the rest of the world, on local asset and currency markets. Current reputation statement convertibility allows free inflows and outflows for all purposes other than for capital purposes such as investments and loans. In other words, it allows residents to make and receive trade-related payments receive dollars (or any other foreign currency) for export of goo ds and go and pay dollars for import of goods and services, make sundry remittances, access foreign currency for travel, studies abroad, medical treatment and gifts, and so onCapital account convertibility is considered to be one of the major features of a developed economy. It helps attract foreign investment. It offers foreign investors a lot of comfort as they can re-convert local currency into foreign currency anytime they wishing to and take their money away. At the same time, capital account convertibility makes it easier for domestic companies to tap foreign markets. At the moment, India has current account convertibility. This means one can import and export goods or receive or make payments for services rendered. However, investments and borrowings atomic number 18 restricted.But economists say that Jumping into capital account convertibility game without considering the downside of the yard could harm the economy. The East Asian economic crisis is cited as an example by those opposed to capital account convertibility. Even the gentleman Bank has said that embracing capital account convertibility without adequate preparation could be catastrophic. But India is now on firm ground given its strong financial sector see the light and fiscal consolidation, and can now slowly but steadily move towards fuller capital account convertibility.CAC has 5 basic statements designed as points of All types of liquid capital assets must be equal to(p) to be exchanged freely, between any two nations, with standardized exchange rates. The amounts must be a significant mount (in excess of $500,000). Capital inflows should be invested in semi-liquid assets, to prevent churning and excessive outflow. institutional investors should not use CAC to manipulate fiscal policy or exchange rates. Excessive inflows and outflows should be buffered by national banks to provide collateral.Prior to its implementation, foreign investment was hindered by uneven exchange rates co llect to transactions, and national banks were disassociated from fiscal exchange policy and incurred high costs in supplying hard-currency loans for those few local companies that wished to do business abroad. Due to the low exchange rates and lower costs associated with Third World nations, this was expected to spur domestic capital, which would lead to welf atomic number 18 gains, and in turn lead to higher gross domestic product issue.The tradeoff for such growth was seen as a lack of sustainable immanent GNP growth and a decrease in domestic capital investments. When CAC is used with the proper restraints, this is exactly what happens. The entire outsourcing straw man with Jobs and factories going oversees is a direct result of the foreign investment aspect of CAC. The Tarapore Committees testimonial of tying liquid assets to static assets (i. e. investing in long term government bonds, etc) was seen by some economists as directly responsible for stabilizing the idea of ca pital account liberalization.The Reserve Bank of India has institute a committee to set out the framework for fuller Capital Account Convertibility. The Committee, chaired by origin RBI governor S S Tarapore, was set up by the Reserve Bank of India in consultation with the Government of India to revisit the subject of fuller capital account convertibility in the context of the fortify in economic reforms, the stability of the external and financial sectors, accelerated growth and global integration.Economists Surjit S Bhalla, M G Bhide, R H Patil, A V RaJwade and Alit Ranade were the members of the Committee. The Reserve Bank of India has also progress tod an internal task force to re-examine the extant regulations and make recommendations to extinguish the operational impediments in the path of easiness already in place. The task force will make its recommendations on an ongoing basis and the processes are expected to be completed by December 4, 2006.The Task Force has been s et up avocation a recommendation of the Committee. The Task Force will be convened by Salim Gangadharan, chief general manager, in- harge, foreign exchange department, Reserve Bank of India, and will defy the following terms of reference Undertake a review of the extant regulations that straddle current and capital accounts, especially items in one account that have implication for the other account, and iron out inconsistencies in such regulations.Examine existing repatriation/ surrender requirements in the context of current account convertibility and management of capital account. Identify areas where streamlining and simplification of procedure is possible and remove the operational impediments, especially in espect of the ease with which transactions at the level of authorized entities are regulations are consistent with regulatory intent.Review the delegation of powers on foreign exchange regulations between Central site and Regional offices of the RBI and examine, selectiv ely, the efficacy in the functioning of the delegation of powers by RBI to Authorised Dealers (banks). call for any other matter of relevance to the above. The Task Force is empowered to devise its work procedure, constitute working groups in various areas, co-opt permanent/special invitees and meet various trade ssociations, substitute bodies or individuals to facilitate its work.

Diabetes Research Essay

Diabetes is often referred to by doctors as diabetes mellitus. This describes a group of diseases in which the person has high agate line glucose (blood sugar). This could be because either insulin production is myopic or the dead bodys cells do not respond properly to insulin. There are 3 fibers of diabetes1)Type 1 DiabetesThe body does not produce insulin. People usually develop figure 1 diabetes in early adulthood or teenage years. Approximately 10% of all diabetes cases are type 1, it is nowhere salutary as common as type 2. Patients with type 1 diabetes will need to occupy insulin injections for the rest of their life and carry out regular blood tests and a special diet to check out proper blood-glucose levels.2)Type 2 DiabetesThe body does not produce enough insulin for proper function, or the cells in the body do not react to insulin. Some people may be able to control their type 2 diabetes symptoms by losing weight, a healthy diet, and doing lots of exercise. They woul d also gain to monitor their blood-glucose levels. Although the patients will almost likely end up having to take insulin in tablet form because type 2 diabetes is typically a progressive disease.3)Gestational DiabetesThis type affects woman during pregnancy, some woman have very high levels of glucose in their bodies and are unable to produce enough insulin. The majority of gestational diabetes patients can control their diabetes with exercise and diet. undiagnosed or uncontrolled gestational diabetes can raise the risk of complications during childbirth.HistoryFor 2,000 years diabetes has been recognized as a devastating and deadly disease. In the 17th century a London physician, Dr. Thomas Willis, determine whether his patients had diabetes or not by sampling their urine. If it had a honeyed taste he would diagnose them with diabetes mellitus- fresh diabetes. In the early 20th century, diabetologists such as Dr. Frederick Allen prescribed lower-ranking calorie diets-as littl e as 450 calories per day for his patients. His diet prolonged the life of people with diabetes but kept them weak and suffering from near starvation. In his book, The Discoery of Insulin, Michael Bliss describes the painful wasting death of many people with diabetes before insulin sustenance and drink no longer mattered, often could not be taken.A restless drowsiness shaded into semi-consciousness. As the lungs heaved desperately to expel carbonic acid (as carbon dioxide), the dying diabetic took huge gasps of air to evaluate to increase his capacity. Air hunger the doctors called it, and the whole process was sometimes described as internal suffocation. The gasping and sighing and sweet smell lingered on as the unconsciousness became a deep diabetic coma. At that point the family could drive its arrangements with the undertaker, for within a few hours death would end the suffering.Then in 1921 something truly miraculous occurred in Ontario, Canada. A young surgeon Frederick Ban ting, and his assistant Charles Best, kept a severely diabetic dog hot for 70 days by injecting it with a murky concoction of canine pancreas extract. Since insulins discovery, medical breakthroughs go on to prolong and ease the lives of people with diabetes. In 1935 Roger Hinsworth discovered there were two types of diabetes insulin sensitive (type I) and insulin insensitive (type II). By differentiating between the two types of diabetes, Hinsworth helped open up new avenues of treatment. In the 1950s, oral medications-sulfonylureas were developed for people with type II. These drugs stimulate the pancreas to produce to a greater extent insulin, helping people with type II diabetes keep tighter control over their blood sugars. In the 1960s urine strips were developed, and Becton-Dickinson introduced the single use syringe in 1961. This greatly reduce the amount of pain from injections as well as the time-consuming ritual of boiling needles and glass syringes. alchemy behind diab etesDiabetes is characterized by elevated levels of glucose in the body. The management of insulin therapy in relation to carbohydrates can be toughened to deal with for most diabetics. Carbohydrates lead to change magnitude blood sugar. Once digested, carbohydrates break down into glucose molecules, which are whence converted into ATP in the cells with insulin. Too little insulin causes an excess of unconverted glucose, and too much insulin causes low blood sugar. Carbohydrates are necessary when a diabetic is experiencing hypoglycemia to compensate for the excess insulin in the blood stream, which can lead to serious consequences, such as seizure or even death.Social ImpactsDiabetes is more than a health condition. For most people, its a new way of life, and it affects relationships in all areas as much as it affects eating and physical activity. One challenge facing a diabetes student is the on-going medical care traind during school hours. It is up to the parents to make su re the school officials, nurses, and teachers are better and comply with their childs needs. An different challenge is helping the child fit in. often other children have no knowledge or understanding of diabetes and with a perception that the child is being do by differently this could lead to teasing and possibly bullying. Sports are an important part of many peoples lives. Teamwork and physical activity are vital parts of a well-rounded life. Diabetes doesnt have to transmute that Exercise is essential in diabetes management, and participation in sports can provide this and other benefits. But it does require some extra effort by the diabetic.Economic equalsDiabetes is a disease that occurs worldwide, and therefore its economic impact is experienced globally. With increasing concern among providers about the rising cost of health care, economic assessments of the impact of miscellaneous diseases are growing in importance. This imposes a large economic burden on the individua l, national healthcare system and economy.Environmental impactsEnvironmental factors appear to play an important role in the pathogenesis of childhood-onset of type 1 diabetes. Breastfeeding, the early presence or lack of certain foods, birth weight, childhood over-nutrition, and negative stress events have been shown to be related to the prevalence of type 1 diabetes. More studies are starting to show that taint can affect the symptoms of diabetes by increasing inflammation and contributing to weight gain. People who live in urban areas are more likely to breathe polluted air, which is believed to be a factor in insulin resistance. Moreover, diabetics have a harder time controlling blood flow during times where air pollution is increased leading to intensified cardiovascular problems.

Analyzing Recreation & Leisure Essay

The therapeutic deflection execute is a systematic method of planning and providing services for item-by-items with disabilities. The go is based on a systems hypothesis approach. The system is designed for a guide for a swell-defined, goal-oriented purpose to the activity or program creation provided. It involves four varietys assessment, planning, implementation and military rank. Use of the therapeutic pastime process is not dependent on location, alone on systematic and consistent use of assessing, planning, implementing and evaluating services for mountain with disabilities.The process is applied in settings bid hospitals, long-term facilities and useful in leisure education and merriment participation settings, like park and recreation agencies and schools. Delivering therapeutic recreation services in community setting has been successful when the therapeutic recreation process is applied. It is not the setting that determines the use of the therapeutic recreation process, alone the inescapably of the customers.Using the therapeutic recreation process allows the therapeutic recreation specialist to individualize within recreation programs designed specifically for people with disabilities and to systematically develop support plans for inclusive recreation programs. The healers conducts an assessment that identifies the lymph nodes abilities and limitations by petition a serial publication of questions related to social skills and observing their interactions with their peers.Information is gathered not only for the invitee, but also from family, caregiver, social worker, friends, and vocational counselor to provide thorough knowledge prior to participation so that the client needs may be addressed. The purpose is to determine the needs of the individual in apprisal to the independent functioning in recreation settings. Materials include questions designed to determine an individuals needs related to independent recreation particip ation.Read moreEssay on Leisure and Recreation in ActionProgram descriptions clarify activity content, participation requirements, possible risks, and intended outcomes that aid in ascertain these needs. Thorough and accurate nurture about the individual is necessary, even when participation is self initiated and voluntary. Without accurate information the quality of an assessment is compromised. Programs and activities may be pre-planned assessments enable the therapeutic recreation specialist to individualize interventions, accommodations, and education strategies within separate activities.For example, the leisure education program in which the client is registered may have a convention goal to improve socialization skills through participation in group activities, but the client go out have a goal more specific to their needs, such as the client willing use socially appropriate means to identify deficits in specific activity skill (i. e. sports), as well as cosmopolitan skill (i. e. social skills). In addition, assessments for an individual participating in a specialized recreation program may differ from an assessment used with someone who is interested in participating in an inclusive recreation program.Assessments applied to those participating in separate programs often accept for more detail about the persons level of functioning that an assessment used to contemplate participation in inclusive recreation would. A unique aspect of a community recreation assessment is that it toilette be a lifelong process. Unlike treatment settings, such as hospitals where a therapeutic recreation specialist may only work with and individual for a brief limit of time, people with disabilities who participate in community recreation programs often remain involved in programs for more years.From the assessment of the clients social skills, the therapist discovered that the client had trouble initiating and sustaining conversations. For example, the client w ould endure by themselves and watch their peers rather than joining in conversations. When the clients peers would include them in conversations, the client would walk away. The therapeutic recreation specialist found that the client often feels like they do not know what to say to others.The planning phase of the therapeutic recreation process displace guide a therapeutic recreation specialist in developing individualized goals and objective for the client and then submit recreation activities to meet the goals and objectives. The planning component is helpful for identifying activities to meet goals and objectives that promote independent recreation functioning. some(a) activities have the potential for improvement of functioning (i. e. warm water aquatics) in treatment and rehabilitation settings.The therapist selects a twelve week leisure education program that includes social skills training components to meet the objectives defined for the client. Leisure education focuses on the development and acquisition of leisure-related skills, attitudes, and knowledge so a person can express him/herself through leisure. Community recreation therapeutic recreation programs provide and ideal environment to follow out leisure education goals by teaching how to access and utilize community recreation resources, as well as how to develop skills related to independent recreation functioning.The therapists forms goals, develops objectives, specifies activities (i. e. social skills) and determines a means of valuation. According to capital of Texas and Crawford (1996), the implementation phase of the therapeutic recreation process is the action phase and involves carrying-out the individual or group program plan.The therapeutic recreation specialist carries out the social skills and dance program, focusing on group and individual goals, For example, the group will be taught how to appropriately ask someone to dance and the client will be taught ways to initiate conve rsations with dance partner. The implementation phase involves coordinating and executing recreation activities proposed in the plan, as well as documenting information about the individual (i. e. his or her reactions), the program (i. e. time of day, duration), and the activities (i. e. competitory vs.learning). Implementation of the individual plan in the recreation setting requires focusing to social (i. e. attitudinal), programmatic (i. e. adaptations), and environmental (i. e. accessibility) issues.For example, general recreation programs in which people with disabilities can be included may not be organize to accommodate people with a variety of disabilities. The therapists may implement numerous adaptations or accommodations according to the individuals disability and have knowledge and skills to make these adaptations to facilitate participation.Other factors that could affect the implementation of the individual plan include inconsistent attendance of a participant with a disability, unanticipated facility/environmental issues, lack of support from family/caregivers, inconsistency of general recreation staff, and inappropriate program placement. The therapist conducts evaluations on the clients skills at the end of the twelve week program by asking the same series of questions asked in the assessment phase and conducting an observation.The purpose of the evaluation phase is to assess the clients response to the planned program and the plans effectiveness and determine whether revisions are necessary. While conduction the evaluation, the therapists can interview the participant, speak with family members or caregivers, review documentation, administer questionnaires, and observe the participant while engaged in the activity. Conducting a mid-term evaluation will aid in the clients process and help in necessary adjustments to a persons program plan.Thorough and accurate documentation is a critical component of the evaluation process. An important conc ern with evaluative documentation in the settings is that the information is made available to others and is ultimately utilized. For example, at the conclusion of the leisure education program, the client may choose to enroll in a in the buff program with different general or therapeutic recreation staff. Assessment and evaluation information should be passed on to the staff of the clients new program to ensure continuity of goals and objectives.Applying the evaluation phase of the therapeutic recreation process in the therapeutic recreation settings can be advantageous in that information tracking can be done over a long period of time, enable in-depth, longitudinal evaluations. However, a limitation of conducting the evaluation phase of the therapeutic recreation process I the settings is that pieces of information gathered at different points in time may become fragmented and not integrated in one location. The therapists role is to compile the various evaluative elements into comprehensive evaluation document to be used across specialized and inclusive contests over time.RESOURCES Austin, D. R. , & Crawford, M. E. (1996). Therapeutic recreation An introduction. (2nd ed. ). capital of Massachusetts Allyn and Bacon. Howe-Murphy, R. , & Charboneau, B. (1987). Therapeutic recreation intervention An ecological perspective. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice Hall, Inc. Sylvester, C. (Ed. ). (1996). Philosophy of therapeutic recreation Issues and ideas. pot II. Ashburn, VA National Therapeutic Recreation Society Peterson, C. A. , & Gunn, S. L (1984). Therapeutic recreation program design Principles and procedures. (2nd ed. ). Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice Hall, Inc RECREATION EVALUATION RCSM 351 12/07/2010 PEGGY PEARSON.

Determinism Versus Free Will Essay

Freedom is an ideal that m any people in privileged society presume for granted on a daily basis. Just because some people find themselves at dwelling house in a country where social norms chip in evolved to anyow a rational sense of personal identity and pardon will within its borders does not concede that free will is a universal compensate. In fact, many other countries untold(prenominal) as Syria struggle to bring their policies up to speed with more reformist democracies such(prenominal) as Spain or the Australia, and their populace suffers backlash from corrupt legal systems and government.However, star thing that these countries erect to learn from successful nations such as the United States is that populations with more personal granting immunity tend to be happier with their lives as a whole than those who feel limited and stagnant in their development. At the akin time, as freedom is important in making any group of people happy, at that place must be limit s placed on their actions to avoid moralistic misconduct that is, the pattern of personal responsibility is a critical one to keeping society clean, and it is commonly accepted that accepting responsibility for ones actions is a way to keep society tidy.However, the weighting of moral codes and ethics is a difficult thing to do with accuracy because of the varying nature of such an abstract fantasy. In Alternate Possibilities and Moral Responsibility, Harry capital of Kentucky describes a principle that affirms that a person is morally responsible for what he has done only if he could defy done otherwise. Called the principle of alternative possibilities, this proposition purports that moral responsibility and choice go tidy sum in hand without one, the other cant be just.As Frankfurt mentions in his writing, close to people would take for granted this idea as a faultless constituent of the rationale female genitalia lawmaking. However, Frankfurt conjectures a few obscure ways in which this principle could be contradicted. One prototype given was of a man named Jones who had decided to do something morally wrong, and when a second party was notified of his intent, Jones was strained to follow through with his actions. Here, Jones obviously would realise been considered morally liable because whether or not the second exclusive had forced him to level his crime of choice, he would restrain done so anyways.The logic stands to ground then, by the example given, that such a possibility does exist to make a similar situation happen. Whether by karma or by blackmail, myriad similar things could happen, and since moral fibre lies within the conscience and not in the physical realm, evil has been done as soon as one decides to act. At the same time, in this example, Frankfurt manages to give a proof that determinism and moral responsibility are compatible because, as he points out, it is possible to be responsible without the option to do otherwise.Th at is, in the case given, the threat of blackmail could have been so severe that Jones would have had no choice but to do what he had done. This would mean, then, that Frankfurts example would present a large hole in the way most people would recognize the intersection of free will and determinism that is most would see it as incompatible, but by Frankfurts proof, they can sometimes run side by side practically parallel.While Frankfurt was quite a perceptive to realize such a possible proof of compatibilism, this also presented a hole in his argument in that free will and determinism are not necessarily compatible because at the same time that one could be forced to do something without prior intent, if determinism were true, then the whole situation would have been predetermined, and if allthing were predetermined then responsibility cannot exist as an option. Responsibility is defined as a state of having to deal with something, which in itself incriminates making certain deci sivenesss.However, despite the fact that determinism seems to dictate a timeline of events that completely eliminates the vastness of making decisions, perhaps the brains ability to make decisions is a real one and decisions are, in cognitive terms, actually taking place. Determinism has merely caused one line of thought or line of decision making to necessarily end up coming true over the other. If determinism were true, then that would not entail that there is no such thing as a decision, it simply means that all our decisions would have been made onwardshand. In that sense, the idea which Frankfurt presents is lent credence.If free will and determinism were indeed compatible, then e very(prenominal) Christian, every latter-day saint, and every last-minute convert would be happy to know that they were overmuch more likely to be granted a spot in heaven. According to the most commonplace scriptures, paragon is an all knowing, all tidy, and all good being, who granted the righ t of free will to all military personnel as an ultimate test to determine their destiny for emend or worse. In this way, God is purported to be both liberal and deterministic it only goes to follow that Frankfurts theory would be mirthfully received by many religious believers.In some sort of real-world sequel to the book 1984, there would be signs all over the place proclaiming the existence of God based on some speculate created by Frankfurts constituents. Mass converts would line the streets of all the New York burroughs. Heaven would be a doorknock away. Though such an extreme scenario could only be conceivable in a novel, the image is clear. sarcastic as it may be, such a magnitudinous occurrence in modern society could not be expected to occur based on some example with such abstract and intangible results. perhaps in some warped space-time corollary the same would be seen in the science of philosophy. Perhaps a new theorem would be passed in its discourse, and textbooks w ith the same tired old vocabulary would be entirely rewritten to take on Frankfurts new theorem. Though no one cares about philosophy as much as religion, still such a magnitudinous occurrence would be like an earthquake caused by everyone in the town of Athens jumping at the same time difficult to conclude based on the lack of further evidence.Perhaps this pattern of occurrences is one of the holes in Frankfurts theorem. Well, not a hole in the sense that it disproves his logic, but a criticism nonetheless it seems that his idea is too marginal to conclude something so physically contradictory as to say that just because a person could be forced to do something that he would otherwise not have done could prove determinism as right as the theory of relativity. Surely the scientific community would be all ears to Dr.Frankfurts discourse as to why they should all wear chthonicwear to work the next day in a word, who cares with determinism proved true, the scientists would probably feel a lot more relaxed for the next few weeks, however, when they tallied up all the evidence as to why they suddenly converted to Dr. Frankfurts new school of thought, they would have only one piece of evidence as to why the mysterious case of Mr. Jones. Realizing that it was fate, they would rest their faces in their palms and wait for something else to happen.While Frankfurts logic is as technically true as is that of a Cartesian argument for the existence of reality all in ones own resource because of the lack of evidence to the contrary, perhaps the shoddy reputation of philosophical theories as being worth anything anyways food for thought is nil. They are always careful with words, so as to traipse around the knowing and cold ears of the left-brained. There, they peacefully coexist with poets, artists, and other like minds.However, no matter the precision of their wording, it is always the popular decision to simply stay in the third dimension of thinking without bringin g in any extraneous points of view that would go against common sense in an inherently immaterial way. One nation, under god, indivisible with liberty and justice for all. This famous verse marks the final few words of the the Statesn Pledge of Allegiance. Without prior knowledge of the country, one would probably be led to assume that Americans value freedom highly.In this case, they would most certainly be on to something. Freedom is a beautiful thing, yet it is powerful at the same time. Its power can be used for good or for evil, and that is why America (as well as every other model society) simply is not complete without a decently legal system. Obviously murder, rape, and theft are all violent crimes which must carry harsh penalties for those who commit them, and they all share one thing in common that no minor traffic ravishment does at heart a morally wrong motive.Truly it would take a sick single to commit any one of these things with intent to do so. So where does the i dea of determinism in relation to the concept of free will fit into this picture? It is a tight fit in an ever-evolving jigsaw, but one of the obscure pieces nonetheless that must be considered to get the bigger picture. Laws are changing all the time, and morals have to remain at their core. When one remembers the addendum, under god, of the Pledge of Allegiance, it becomes ever clearer how determinism can fit into the moral scheme of the country as well.However, when it does in a legal sense, it goes against what is clearly stated in the paper America has secular laws unlike some other countries, and although some of the laws on the books are outdated and had better jurisdiction in a time when America is more religious, new laws as of late are much more secular. This adds to the point that determinism is becoming an increasingly abstract concept in society as times progress that is, it has less place in law than it does in philosophical thought.Determinism is a concept that no p roof, no theorem, and no scientific data will ever elucidate and validate before society. It would mark a monumental moment in the history of things, but if it were true, it would not matter very much what happened all events thereafter would be destined to occur. For this reason and the reason of practicality, it is necessary to view determinism as an abstraction rather than reality. In such a dimension where determinism were held to be true, it would follow from assumption that free will would be merely an illusion.But why then, one would suppose, would humans have evolved to become such complex decision makers? If one believes in an omniscient and omnipotent God, then determinisms validity seems much more promising, however for all other parties, it seems better left in the realm of abstraction. However, despite its true-to-life(prenominal) application, determinism remains as essential to philosophical abstraction as does the concept of good and evil. That is one reason it manag es to justify itself in the vocabulary of philosophers worldwide a broad vocabulary, indeed.Frankfurt happens to be like a Newton or Aristotle of his day and age, postulating truly genius and more importantly original ideas in such a relevant field as his own, A polite way to put it but an quick one as well. It is an inventive mind who decides to venture well beyond the blurred lines of the abstract and metaphysical in order to question an a priori truth so firmly believed to be accurate as the perpendicularity between determinism and free will it is an inventive mind indeed. Works Cited Frankfurt, Harry. Alternate Possibilities and Moral Responsibility. N. p. n. p. , n. d. N. pag. 620pixeltable. Web. 05 Dec. 2013.